Snmek 1
Anglicky v odbornch pedmtech"Support of teaching technical subjects in EnglishTutorial: Physics
Topic: Alternator
Prepared by: RNDr. Ondej Jebek
Projekt Anglicky v odbornch pedmtech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002je spolufinancovn Evropskm socilnm fondem a sttnm rozpotem esk republiky.
Alternator
General information:Alternator is rotary electric machineChanges rotary energy ( kinetics energy ) or mechanical energy to electric energyOutput capacity is led to electrical system
Alternator
Alternator works on electrical induction principleVoltage is induced in conductor, if conductor and magnetic field move to each otherExtent of induced voltage depends on magnetic field rate and conductor movement speed ( engine revolutions ) Alternator function
Alternators are synchronous machinesAccording to their rotors type they further divide to:With plain rotor- turbo-alternators driving machine is mostly steam turbine (in steam power plant) speed turns 3000 min-1, as network freqeuency 50 HzLow-acting alternators are driven by low-acting machine (mostly by water turbine). Speed turn is whole number ratio of 3000 min-1, as network frequency 50 Hz It makes mechanically connected set with driving machine. Driving machine and alternator are on the same shaft.Construction
Alternator with rectifier is designed so that accumulator is charged when combustion engine runs idleIt is important advantage for city trafficAccumulator durability charged by alternator with rectifier is longer than accumulator durability charged by dynamoAlternator is excited directly of accumulator immediately after ignition startAlternator advantages
Alternators produce electricity in the same way as direct-current generatorsRotating magnet rotates rotor inside stationary fit windings on iron cores - statorElectrical current is produced by rotor movement caused by mechanic energyThere are mostly sets of stator windings in stator that are moved round slight amount of 180Rotor magnetic field can be caused by induction or permanent magnetAlternator function
Car alternator has the same construction as industrial alternatorsCar alternator produces 3- phase electrical current Alternating current must be rectified before entry to car networkDiodes are used to rectifying of alternating current Diodes are fixed to diode bridgeTo limitation of voltage values , alternator output direct current is controlled by Zener diodeAlternator advantage comparing with dynamo is mainly its low weightAlternator usage in cars
Find out alternator on the Internet:Alternators rotor and statorFind out on the Internet alternator wiring diagram wired to electrical circuitActivity I
Describe main alternator components that you found out on the InternetDescribe and explain alternator wiring to electrical circuitActivity II
JAN, Zdenk; DNSK, Bronislav ; UPERA, Ji . Automobily 1. Brno: Avid, 2004. 211 s.JAN, Zdenk; DNSK, Bronislav ; UPERA, Ji . Automobily 2. Brno: Avid, 2004. 120 s.JAN, Zdenk; DNSK, Bronislav ; UPERA, Ji . Automobily 3. Brno: Avid, 2004. 220 s.JAN, Zdenk; DNSK, Bronislav ; UPERA, Ji . Automobily 4. Brno: Avid, 2004. 350 s.
Translation:www.seznam.czwww.slovnik.czJANATA, Petr. Handy slovnk technick anglicko-esk a esko-anglick. Plze: Nakladatelstv Fraus, 2000. ISBN 80-7238-075-3Lingea LEXIKON 5, Technick slovnk anglicko-esk a esko-anglick. 2010.
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