Autor materiálu : RNDr . Pavlína Kochová Datum vytvoření : říjen 2013

Autor materiálu: RNDr. Pavlína Kochová

Datum vytvoření: říjen 2013

Vzdělávací oblast: Jazyk a jazyková komunikace

Vyučovací předmět: Anglický jazyk

Ročník: 3.,4.

Téma: THE EUROPEAN UNION

Druh materiálu: prezentace + aktivita

Klíčová slova: European Council, European Commision, European Parliament, Council of the EU, Sigle Market, schengen agreement, the eurozone

Anotace: Seznámení studentů se strukturou , historií a funkcí EUpomocí prezentace učitele, úkolů pro studenty, práce s internetem, zapojení receptivních a produktivních

dovedností.

Autorem materiálu a všech jeho částí, není-li uvedeno jinak, je RNDr. Pavlína KochováCZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0501

VY_32_INOVACE_1.3.AJ3,4.13/Žž


Metodické pokyny:

Studenti se seznámí se strukturou, historií a funkcí EU.

Tento vyučovací materiál pokryje jednu vyučovací jednotku (45 min)


EUROPEAN UNION





The European Union (EU)•an economic and political organization of 28 mostly European countries•headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium•main objective is to support cooperation among its members in various areas: economics and trade, foreign policy, security and defence, social issues and judicial matters• single market is based on a system of laws which apply in all

member states, and seeks to guarantee the EU “four freedoms” - free movement of goods, capital, services and people

• Schengen Agreement (Schengen, Luxemburg, 1985) helped to abolish passport controls within 22 EU and 4 non-EU states (in so called Schengen Area).

• The euro area, the Eurozone, is a monetary union of currently 17 EU member states. It came into operation on 1st January, 1999 when euro was launched as an accounting currency. Physical notes and coins were introduced on 1st January, 2002.



Structure The European Union works through a system of supranational institutions, of which the most important are:

• European Council• European Commission• European Parliament Council of the EU• Court of Justice of the European Union• European Court of Auditors• European Central Bank, etc.



The European Council• sets general political directions and priorities and deals with

complex and sensitive issues• has no power to pass laws• it is made up by heads of state or government of each EU

country• it meets usually four times a year• the meetings are chaired by a permanent president (currently

Herman Van Rompuy).



EU law-making process

European CommissionEuropean ParliamentCouncil of the EU

are three institutions involved in EU law-making process.



The European Commission

(based in Brussels, Belgium) represents the EU as a whole• it is the highest administrative body and is responsible for the

day-to-day running of the EU, implementing EU policies and spending EU funds

• 28 Commissioners are appointed by governments of member states and serve for five years

• each Commissioner is responsible for specific policy area• the President of the European Commission (currently José

Manuel Barroso) is appointed by the European Council• appointment of the President as well as all the Commissioners

is approved by the European Parliament.



The European Parliament

(based in Brussels, Belgium) represents the EU citizens • it is directly elected by them every five years• the number of MEPs is roughly in proportion to its population• MEPs debate and pass European laws, scrutinise other EU

institutions, particularly the European Commission and debate and adopt the EU budget.



The Council of the EU (based in Brussels, Belgium) represents the governments of the individual member countries. • it passes laws and adopts budget of the EU together with the

Parliament, coordinates economic policies, signs international agreements, strives to develop a joint foreign and defence policy and secure equal access to justice for all citizens of the EU.

• presidency of the Council is shared by the member states on a rotating basis

• there are no fixed members of the Council. Each country sends the minister for the topic being discussed at each Council meeting.

• particular meetings are chaired by the relevant minister of the country holding the rotating EU presidency except for the foreign ministers Council, which has permanent chairperson – “EU´s High Representative for foreign and security policy” (currently Catherine Ashton). This Representative is at the same time the Vice-President of the European Commission.


VY_32_INOVACE_1.3.AJ3,4.13/ŽžThe Court of Justice of the European Union

(based in Luxembourg) • interprets EU law so as it is applied in the same way in all EU

countries• it has one judge from each member country appointed for a

six-year term•



The European Court of Auditors

(based in Luxembourg) • controls EU finances and report on the use of public funds• it has one member by a country appointed by the Council for a

term of six years.



The European Central Bank (ECB)

(based in Frankfurt, Germany) • it is responsible for euro, price stability in the EU and implementing

economic and monetary policy• ECB cooperates with central banks of all EU members• they form The European system of Central banks (ESCB)• even closer is cooperation among central banks of 17 countries of

eurozone which is called Eurosystem.



History• after World War II need of organization which would eliminate danger

of a new war conflict in Europe• six Western European states – Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg,

the Netherlands, and Western Germany signed the Treaty of Paris in 1951, which laid the foundations of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).

• In 1957, these countries signed the Treaty of Rome and established the European Economic Community (EEC) with a customs union, and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). The three communities were given one set of institutions by signing the Merger Treaty in 1967 and they started to be referred to as the European Communities (EC)



History• EC was enlarged by Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom in

1973 followed by Greece, in 1981, and Portugal and Spain in 1986• the former East Germany became a part of united Germany thereby

gained its membership in 1990• the governments of these twelve states signed the Treaty on the

European Union - Maastricht Treaty (operation on 1st November 1993)

• Austria, Sweden and Finland joined European Union (EU) in 1995¨• the biggest enlargement was that in 2004 - the Czech Republic,

Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia became the member states.

• the number of members reached 27 by admission of Romania and Bulgaria in 2007.

• Croatia became the 28th member state in 2013• there are also another five candidate countries - Iceland, Macedonia,

Montenegro, Serbia, and Turkey.


VY_32_INOVACE_1.3.AJ3,4.13/ŽžSymbols There are several symbols attributed to the EU:

• the European flag with a circle of twelve yellow stars on a blue field, which symbolize unity, solidarity and harmony among all peoples of Europe

• Melody of the Ninth Symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven was adopted as the European anthem

• Europe Day is celebrated on 9th May. On the day in 1950, French foreign minister, Robert Schuman, presented an idea of political cooperation in Europe for the first time.

• “United in diversity” is the EU motto means that, via the EU, Europeans are united in working together for peace and prosperity, and that the many different cultures, traditions and languages in Europe are a positive asset for the continent



The EU and the Czech Republicthe CR officially joined the EU together with other nine countries on 1st May, 2004. On the day:• Czech became an official language of the EU; • all residents became citizens of the EU and gained right to travel, stay

or work (some countries apply restriction on this right) in other EU member states;

• Czech students can study at European universities supposing they can speak the local language and had good results at secondary school;

• Czech drivers do not need international driving licence; • in case of troubles abroad we can ask for help at any diplomatic

representation of any EU member state; • etc.• the CR has not adopted euro yet. To enter the eurozone it will have to

meet convergence criteria.



Euro• it is the official currency used by 17 out of 28 states of the EU – in so

called eurozone • it was officially adopted in December 1995 and first coins and

banknote s were issued in 2002.• Euro is divided into 100cents. • coins exist in denomination €2, €1, 50c, 20c, 10c, 5c, 2c and 1c and

have common side and national side. 2€ coin was issued with changes to the design of the national side of the coin. One design commemorates 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome, another 2004 Summer Olympics.

• banknotes are issued in denominations €500, €200, €100, €50, €20, €10, €5 and have common design on both sides. They were designed by Robert Kalina, an Austrian designer. Banknotes are dedicated to various artistic periods and depict windows and gateways on front side and bridges, symbolising links between countries, on the back side.



Quiz1. Define the EU.2. How many countries are there now?.3. What is the Eurozone?4. Name some European symbols.5. When did the CR become the EU member?6. Name some European institutions What do people eat?7. Is Czech one of the official languages of the EU?



Řešení1. it is is an economic and political organization of currently 28

mostly European countries.2. 283. It isthe euro area - a monetary union of currently 17 EU

member states.4. Flag, antem, motto5. In 1993 the CR signed the Treaty of Accession and joined the

EU together with other nine countries on 1st May, 2004. 6. European Council, European Commission, European

Parliament, Council of the EU, Court of Justice of the European Union, European Court of Auditors European Central Bank,

7. Yes



ZDROJE

1. http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropsk%C3%A1_unie2. http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropsk%C3%A1_unie#D.C4.9Bjiny3. http://europa.eu/index_en.htm4. Flag http

://www.eurocartrans.org/Portals/0/Images/EU%20Affairs/european_union.jpeg

http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropsk%C3%A1_unie

http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropsk%C3%A1_unie

http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropsk%C3%A1_unie#D.C4.9Bjiny

http://europa.eu/index_en.htm

http://europa.eu/index_en.htm

http://www.eurocartrans.org/Portals/0/Images/EU%20Affairs/european_union.jpeg

http://www.eurocartrans.org/Portals/0/Images/EU%20Affairs/european_union.jpeg

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Autor materiálu : RNDr . Pavlína Kochová Datum vytvoření : říjen 2013

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