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Nabeel Ahmad Nabeel

Lecturer, Department of Urdu

University of Education,Lower Mall campus, Lahore

A Critical Analysis of "Anna Karenina"

Leo Tolstoy earns great honour as a writer of world's classics. His novels depict

nineteenth century Russia in a graphic manner with all human passions and

emotions. Anna Karenina is known as one of the best novels ever written in

fiction. Through this novel, Tolstoy reflects spiritual decline of the central

character Anna, who commits suicide after leading a life of base and illicit

relations with her lover and betraying her husband. On the other hand the writer

portrays another character, Levin, at the place of spiritual height. Through these

characters, human nature of good and evil is revealed with minute details. The

novel covers a period of Russian life between 1872 and 1876 with life like

spectacles of Moscow and Petersburg in the days of Tzar before the Russian

Revolution. This novel was also picturized in Hollywood and the film enjoys

reputation of a classic movie at box office. The Theme, the plot construction,

characterization and manner of narrating the story remain superb in the hands of

Tolstoy._______________________

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065

by Levin whose old home represents for him a whole world, the

world that had been the life and death of his parents. It is the

world of Mascow tradition, rather than of Petersburg novelty,

and these two cities are here, as elsewhere in Russian

Literature, used to symbolize the conflict between old pieties

and modern pressures." (15)

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265

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365

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»î.$N*&ð~Zq-xWŠòÅz{Wy~$zg~¶!z{Ç|»WgizqåX"Anna Karenina is not a book with a single theme, but many themes. We can

easily assume that Tolstoy wanted to recapitulate for himself and for his readers

everything that he knows about men, women and life….In this great summing

-up,however,there is no catharsis, no resolution. For just as Anna`s despair

intensified but distorted her sensibilities just before her suicide, the edge of crisis

and conversion sharpened and deepened Tolstoy`s already comprehensive vision

of life. And because Tolstoy was morally and artistically no longer capable of

simplifying that vision, the many themes of Anna Karenina resist resolution and

coexist only in a fragile equilibrium". )92(

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jjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙzzzzjjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]

Anna karenina, Translated edition. Victor Shklovsky and Olga Shartse. (Progress

publishers, soviet socialist Republics, 1978.p.426.)

1C

Gifford , Henry, Tolstoy (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1982.p.48.) 2C

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔ&]Ô8991YÔm56 3C

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C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm37Ô117 5C

Nabokov,Vladimir.(1981). Lecture on Russian Literature. New York:

Harvest.pp.137,183.

6C

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm56 7C

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:ZÅxZ/ÔуgÔaŠO~ahDiÔ6691Ymm145Ô055Ô165 8

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm73 9

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm536 01

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm647 11

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm167 21

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm663 31

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm144 41

Gifford, (ed) Leo Tolstoy (Penguin Critical Anthologies, Harmondsworth ,

1971.p.301) .

51

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔm03 61

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:ZÅxZ/ÔуgÔaŠO~ahDiÔ6691Ym13 71

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:i©gÔуgÔ)Zs( 81

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:ZÅxZ/ÔуgÔaŠO~ahDiÔ6691Ym87 91

775

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:ZÅxZ/ÔуgÔaŠO~ahDiÔ6691Ym045 02

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:ZÅxZ/ÔуgÔaŠO~ahDiÔ6691Ym175 12

™ZcÔZ³F,¹ZgŠz0*ÎyÔ2991Ymm962Ô972 . gzÏZŠ[)¢Šzx( . ·š 22

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:ZÅxZ/ÔуgÔaŠO~ahDiÔ6691Ym725 32

Leavis ,F.R. Anna Karenina and other essays .(Chatto and Windus, London, 42

1967.p.16)

Lawrence, D. H.( 1955). D.H. Lawrence's response to Russain Literature . 52

London , Chatto and Windus Publications. p.12.

Gifford , Henry(ed) Leo Tolstoy. (Penguin Crictical Anthologies, Harmondsworth 62

, 1971. p.98.)

C@*yðÔM'»g"545é GEGEÔáW:ZÅxZ/ÔуgÔaŠO~ahDiÔ6691Ym725 72

Lawrence, D.H. (1955). D.H. Lawrence's response to Russain Literature. London 82

, Chatto and windus publications. P. 18

Benson, Ruth Crego.Women in Tolstoy. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 92

1973.

Translations

/ Anna Karenina, Translated by Constance Garnett. (1901) Still widely reprinted.

/ Anna Karenina, Translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Allen

Lane / Penguin, London, 2000.)

/ Anna Karenina, Translated by Margaret Wettlin (Progress Publishers, 1978.)

C¤ÅiŒéðÔkBZzgZðÔáW:�á@qÔуgó7Ê-,çGXÅÔ)¢ZÍw3991Y¢Šzx4991Y( /

"Anna Karenina" Translated by Richard Peveas and Larissa Volokbonsky, /

Penguin Books 2000.

875