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CCOOUURRSSEE FFIILLEE

SSuubbjjeecctt NNaammee :: Renewable Energy Engineering

SSuubbjjeecctt CCooddee :: 22118811991100

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IInnddeexx

Sr. No.

Particulars

Page Number

1 Scheme 3

2 Syllabus 4

3 Lecture Plan 6

4 List of Books 8

5 Tutorial Sheets -

6 Assignments 9

7 MID Question Papers 17

8 Model Question Paper 18

9 Gtu Question Paper 18

3

Course of Study and Scheme of Examination for Batch

starting from December 2018

B.E-8th

Semester

(MECHANICALENGINEERIG)

Teaching

Scheme Credit Examination Marks

Total

Marks L T P C

Theory Marks Practical Marks

ESE(E) PA(M) ESE(V)

PA(I) PA ALA ESE OEP

4 0 0 4 70 20 10 0 0 0 100

4

SSYYLLLLAABBUUSS

UNIT-I:

Scenario of Renewable Energy (RE) Sources:

Needs of renewable energy, advantages and limitations of RE, present energy scenario of conventional and

RE sources

UNIT-II:

SolarEnrgy Energy available from the sun, spectral distribution, solar radiation outside the earth’s atmosphere and at the

earth’s surface, solar radiation geometry, Instruments for solar radiation measurements, empirical equations

for prediction of availability of solar radiation, radiation on tilted surface solar energy conversion into heat,

types of solar collectors, vacuated and non-evacuated solar air heater, concentrated collectors, thermal

analysis of liquid flat plate collector, air heater and cylindrical parabolic collector, solar energy thermal

storage, heating and cooling of buildings, solar pumping, solar cooker, solar still, solar drier, solar

refrigeration and air conditioning, solar pond, heliostat, solar furnace photovoltaic system for power

generation, solar cell modules and arrays, solar cell types, material, applications, advantages and

disadvantages

UNIT-III Wind Energy

Energy available from wind, basics of lift and drag, basics of wind energy conversion system, effect of

density, angle of attack and wind speed, windmill rotors, horizontal and vertical axes rotors, drag, lift, torque

and power coefficients, tip speed ratio, solidity of turbine, wind turbine performance curves, wind energy

potential and site selection, basics of wind farm

UNIT-IV

Bio Energy

Types of biogas plants, biogas generation, factors affecting biogas generation, advantages and

disadvantages, biomass energy, energy plantation, gasification, types and applications of gasifiers

UNIT-V

OceanEnergy OTEC principle, open, closed and hybrid cycle OTEC system, Energy from tides, estimation of tidal power,

tidal power plants, single and double basin plants, site requirements, advantages and limitations,wave

energy, wave energy conversion devices, advantages and disadvantages, ocean thermal energy Geothermal

energy: Introduction, vapor and liquid dominated systems, binary cycle, hot dry rock resources, magma

resources, advantages and disadvantages, applications MHD Power generation: concept and working

principle

UNIT-VI,

Economic Analysis: Initial and annual cost, basic definitions, present worth calculations, repayment of loan in equal annual

installments, annual savings, cumulative saving and life cycle cost, economic analysis of add on solar

system, payback period, clean development mechanism

Category of

Course

Course Title Course Code Theory Paper

L T P

Mechanical Renewable Energy

Engineering 2181910 4 0 0 70

5

LECTURE PLAN

Lect Topics to be covered Teaching

hours

1 Needs of renewable energy, advantages and limitations of RE 1

2 present energy scenario of conventional and RE sources 1

3 Energy available from the sun, spectral distribution 1

4 solar radiation outside the earth’s atmosphere and at the earth’s

surface

1

5 solar radiation geometry 1

6 Instruments for solar radiation measurements 1

7 empirical equations for prediction of availability of solar radiation 1

8 radiation on tilted surface 1

9 solar energy conversion into heat, types of solar collectors 1

10 evacuated and non-evacuated solar air heater 1

11 concentrated collectors, thermal analysis of liquid flat plate collector 1

12 air heater and cylindrical parabolic collector 1

13 solar energy thermal storage 1

14 heating and cooling of buildings, solar pumping 1

15 solar cooker, solar still 1

16 solar drier 1

17

solar refrigeration and air

conditioning,

1

18 heliostat, solar furnace 1

19 solar pond 1

20 photovoltaic system for power generation 1

21 solar cell modules and arrays 1

22 solar cell types 1

23 material, applications 1

24 advantages and disadvantages 1

6

25 Energy available from wind, 1

26 basics of lift and drag 1

27 basics of wind energy conversion system 1

28 effect of density, angle of attack and wind speed 1

29 windmill rotors 1

30 horizontal and vertical axes rotors 1

31 drag, lift, torque and power coefficients 1

32 tip speed ratio 1

33 solidity of turbine 1

34 wind turbine performance curves 1

35 wind energy potential and site selection 1

36 basics of wind farm 1

37 Introduction, Types of biogas plants. 1

38 Biogas generation, factors affecting biogas generation. 1

39 Advantages and disadvantages, Site selection, applications, scope of

biogas energy in India, 1

40 Gasification, Types and application of gasifiers, 1

41 Introduction, OTEC principle. 1

42 Open cycle OTEC system, closed cycle. 1

43 Hybrid cycle, site selection. Energy from tides, estimation of tidal

power. 1

44 Tidal power plants, single basin, double basin. 1

45 Site requirements, advantages and limitations, Example 1

46 Wave energy, wave energy conversion devices, Advantages and

disadvantages, ocean thermal energy 1

47 Introduction, Vapour dominated system, Liquid dominated system. 1

48 Binary cycle, Hot dry rock resources, magma resources. 1

49 Advantages and disadvantages, Applications, geothermal energy in

India: prospects. 1

50 Concept and working principle. 1

51 Initial and annual cost, basic definitions, present worth calculations. 1

52 Repayment of loan in equal annual installments, 1

7

annual savings,

53 Cumulative saving and life cycle cost. 1

54 Economic analysis of add on solar system.

1

55 Payback period, 1

56 Clean development mechanism 1

8

REFERENCE BOOK

S. No. TITLE AUTHOR PUBLISHER / EDITION

1 Non-conventional energy resources

Shobh Nath Singh Pearson India

2 Principles of Solar Energy,

Frank Krieth & John F

Kreider

McGraw Wiley

3

Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal

Collection and Storage

S. P. Sukhatme and J. K. Nayak

McGraw- Hill Education

9

ASSIGNMENT TOPICS

S. No. TOPIC

1 Renewable Energy (RE) Sources

2 Solar Energy

3 Wind Energy

4 Biogas Energy

5 Ocean Energy

6 Economic Analysis

10

ASSIGNMENT -1

Renewable Energy (RE) Sources

Sr.

No. Name of Question Remarks

1 What are the conventional and non conventional energy sources? Describe briefly.

2 What are the non conventional energy sources? State the merits and demerits of solar

energy.

3 Briefly explain the various direct and indirect applications of solar energy.

4 Write note on “reserves and production of energy in india”.

5 Write note on “reserves and production of energy in world”.

11

ASSIGNMENT -2

Solar energy Sr.

No. Name of Question Remarks

1 Write name of solar radiation measuring instruments. Explain sunshine recorder with

figure.

2 Explain different types of solar angles.

3 Explain construction and working of pyranometer.

4 Explain the concept of solar constant and Air miss? What is the variation of solar

constant with time and what is the reason for this variation.

5 Calculate the solar insulation on the top of the atmosphere on 23 march and 19 june

2011. Take solar constant=1353 W/m3

6 Explain the different types of liquid flat plate collectors.

7 Explain performance analysis of flat plate collectors under steady state conditions.

8 Explain concentrating types of solar collectors.

9 Explain solar water heating and cooling systems.

10 Explain solar space heating and cooling systems.

11 Explain solar dryers.

12 Explain solar distillation.

13 Explain solar ponds.

14 Explain solar photovoltaic cells.

15 Explain solar chimney power plants.

12

ASSIGNMENT -3

Wind Energy Sr.

No. Name of Question Remarks

1 What is wind energy? Explain the momentum theory of wind.

2 Write short note on wind mills.

3 Explain site selection factors for wind turbine.

4 Explain design considerations in blade design.

5 Explain methods of overcoming fluctuations of power in wind

13

ASSIGNMENT -4

Biogas Energy

Sr.

No. Name of Question Remarks

1 State and explain various routes of Biomass energy conversion to other

form of energy.

2 Discuss the factors which affect the biogas production in detail.

3 How are bio-gas plants classified? Explain continuous and batch type plants.

4 Describe the working of a floating dome type biogas plant with the help of neat

figure.

5 Explain fixed dome type domestic biogas plan with neat sketch.

6 How are biomass gasifiers classified? With a neat sketch explain any one.

7 Explain in detail site selection criteria for biogas plant and list digester design

consideration.

14

ASSIGNMENT -5

Ocean Energy

Sr.

No. Name of Question Remarks

1 What is basic principle of ocean thermal energy conversion?

2 Derive an expression of energy and power in simple single basin tidal power plant.

3

Describe the closed cycle O.T.E.C. system with its advantages over open cycle

system.

4 Describe the advantages and disadvantages of OTEC system.

5 Explain principle open cycle OTEC system with suitable diagram.

6 Explain with figure the single basin type tidal power plant.

7 Write short note on : Tidal power plant with double basin system.

8

A tidal power plant of single basin type, has a basin area of 25 x 106 m2.

The tide has a range of 10 m. The turbine however, stops operating when

the head on it falls below 2 m. Calculate the energy generated in one filling process,

in kWh if the turbine generator efficiency is 75 %. Take density of sea water is 1025

kg/m2.

9 Explain with sketch the various methods of tidal power generation. What are the

limitations of each method?

15

ASSIGNMENT -6

Economic Analysis

Sr.

No. Name of Question Remarks

1

Explain following terms: - Energy conservation, Energy management, energy audit,

energy efficiency, energy security.

2 What do you understand by “energy management” and “energy audit”?

Classify the energy audit and discuss them in brief.

3 Discuss about the basic principles of ‘Energy Management”

16

Laxmi Institute of Technology , Sarigam Approved by AICTE, New Delhi; Affiliated to Gujarat Technological

University, Ahmedabad

Academic Year 2018-19

Centre Code: 086 Examination : Mid Sem 1

Branch: Mechanical Semester: VIII Sub Code: 2181910

Sub: REE Date: 29/01/2019

Time: 09:00 am to 10:00 am

Marks: 20

Q1 (A) Which instruments are used for Solar radiation measurements? Explain construction and

working of Pyranometer. (5)

(B) Calculate the number of daylight hours in Delhi on 22 December 1995. Take latitude=28 0 35´ N. (5)

OR

(B) Define (i) Declination angle (ii) Solar altitude angle (iii) Zenith angle (iv) Solar azimuth angle (v)

Surface azimuth angle (vi) Angle of Incidence (vii) Day length (5)

Q2 (A) Discuss the factors which affect the biogas production in detail.

(i)Temperature (ii) Loading rate (iii) Pressure (iv) Retention time (v) Hydrogen ion concentration . (5)

(B) Describe the working of constant pressure type biogas plant with the help of neat sketch. Also

write merits and demerits. (5)

OR

(B) Explain downdraft type gasifier with neat sketch. Also write Applications. (5)

1

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER–VIII (NEW) - EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2018

Subject Code: 2181910 Date: 04/05/2018 Subject Name: Renewable Energy Engineering Time: 10:30 AM to 01:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

MARKS

Q.1 (a) Explain reserves, production and utilization of primary energy sources in

India. 03

(b) Describe the essentiality for exploration of renewable sources of energy. 04

(c) Write short notes on classification of energy resources. Also explain which

type of alternate energy source is the best suitable for rural and agricultural

applications and why?

07

Q.2 (a) Define the following terms:

(1) Solar Altitude Angle (2) Declination Angle

(2) Hour Angle

03

(b) Write short note on effect of various parameters on performance of flat plate

collectors. 04

(c) The following data refers to liquid flat plate collector, Collector tilt = 22.15°,

Available radiation = 1100 W/m2 , Absorber plate area = 2.1 m2 , Plate

emissivity = 0.12, Glass cover emissivity = 0.88, Number of covers = 2, Mean

plate temperature = 68° C, Flux available at absorber plate = 800 W/m2 , Side

loss coefficient = 0.8 W/m2 -K, Bottom loss coefficient = 0.6 W/m2 -K, Inlet

water temperature = 30° C, Ambient air temperature = 25° C, Wind speed =

1.8 m/s, Mass flow rate of water = 62 kg/hr. Determine, (1) Overall heat loss

coefficient, (2) Outlet water temperature from the collector (3) Efficiency of

collector. Use Test et al. Correlation. Take area of collector is 10% more that

area of absorber plate

07

OR

(c) A cylinder parabolic collector having 2.5 m width and 10 m long is used to

heat fluid entering at 150 0C with a flow rate of 7.5 kg/min (Cpf = 1.25 kJ/kg

0C . The diameter of the absorber tube is 6.5 cm which is covered with glass

tube. Take following data: Solar intensity = 700 W/m2 Atmosphere

temperature = 30 0C Product of absorptivity and transmissivity of absorbing

surface for radiation (ατ)ab = 0.8, Reflectivity of radiation (rr) =0.93,

Transmissivity of glass (τg) = 0.85. Also take collector efficiency factor =

0.85, Heat lost coefficient = 8W/m2 0C. Heat transfer coefficient inside the

tube is 1 and tilt factor is also 1. Find: 1. Useful heat gain and exit temperature

of the fluid. 2. Collector efficiency.

07

Q.3 (a) Explain basic operational principles of solar cell. 03

(b) What are solar ponds? Discuss working of solar pond with help of neat sketch. 04

(c) Enlist types of solar thermal power plant. Discuss working of solar pond

electrical power plant with neat sketch. 07

2

OR

Q.3 (a) Explain future prospects of MHD generation. 03

(b) Define following terms:

(1) Annual savings (2) Cumulative savings

(2) Life cycle savings (4) Payback period.

04

(c) The following table shows the various angle of attack, lift and drag coefficient

for airfoil DUV400. Find the design angle of attack. Angle

of

attack

2 4.1 6.2 8.1 10.2 11.3 12.1 13.2 14.2 15.3

Lift

coeffi

cient

0.3 0.54 0.79 0.9 0.93 0.92 0.95 0.99 1.01 1.02

Drag

coeffi

cient ×

10−2

1.16 1.44 1.46 1.62 2.74 3.03 3.69 5.09 6.48 7.76

Calculate lift and drag force per unit length of blade for the following data. Design

wind speed = 10 m/sec Atmospheric pressure = 1.01bar Chord length = 15 cm.

Atmospheric temperature = 30oC

07

Q.4 (a) Write short note on Magnus effect. 03

(b) Explain importance of drag and lift force in wind power generation. 04

(c) Derive the one dimensional momentum theory and Beltz’s limit for the wind

mill. Also state the assumption in theory and draw the variation of pressure

and velocity in wind mill.

07

OR

Q.4 (a) What is bio mass? Why is it considered as renewable source of energy? 03

(b) Explain with neat sketch the three stage scheme for methane fermentation. 04

(c) Describe the working of floating drum type KVIC biogas plant with the help

of neat sketch 07

Q.5 (a) What is basic principle of ocean thermal energy conversion? 03

(b) What do you understand by spring and neap tides? How are they caused? 04

(c) Define term Tidal Range. Explain ‘Double basin tidal power plant. 07

OR

Q.5 (a) What do you understand by geothermal energy? Give its main application. 03

(b) Explain with neat sketch the vapour dominated geothermal system. 04

(c) Explain with neat sketch the basic and working principle of MHD generator. Also

compare with conventional power plant. 07

*************

1

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER–VIII (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2018

Subject Code: 2181910 Date: 26/11/2018 Subject Name: Renewable Energy Engineering Time: 02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

MARKS

Q.1 (a) Write needs of renewable energy. 03

(b) Explain criteria for site selection of wind energy conversion system. 04

(c) Describe solar constant and derive its equation. 07

Q.2 (a) List factors affecting production of biogas. 03

(b) Compare solar flat plate and concentratic collectors. 04

(c) Prove that in case of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine maximum

power can develop when exit velocity = 1/3 of wind velocity and

Pmax = 8 * (ρAVi3 / 27)

07

OR

(c) Calculate monthly average of Daily Total Solar Radiation on a

Horizontal Surface located in Ahmedabad Gujarat state (22o.13’ N,

73o.10’ E) for the month of March. Average Solar day hours are 10.1

hrs. Angstrom’s constants for Ahmedabad, a = 0.28, b = 0.48

07

Q.3 (a) Explain Declination angle in detail. 03

(b) Explain working of solar cooker. 04

(c) List instruments used for measurement of solar radiation intensity.

Explain any one with neat sketch. 07

OR

Q.3 (a) What are functions of yaw control and pitch control mechanisms in

wind turbine? 03

(b) Explain the different heat losses in Flat plate Collector. 04

(c) List components of wind energy conversion system, show them with

neat sketch. Compare horizontal axis wind turbine with vertical axis

wind turbine.

07

Q.4 (a) Explain principle of MHD generation. 03

(b) Draw neat sketches of Open and Closed cycle OTEC systems. 04

(c) Explain Construction & working of Floating drum type biogas plant

with neat sketch. 07

OR

Q.4 (a) Explain principle of OTEC. 03

(b) What are the advantages and applications of geothermal energy. 04

(c) Explain with sketchs the various methods of tidal power generation.

What are the limitations of each method? 07

Q.5 (a) Define: Net present value, Internal rate of return, Return on

Investment 03

(b) For an 12,00,000/- investment in solar energy equipment which

meets 55% of annual load of 155 GJ. If first year fuel cost is Rs. 750

per GJ and expected to inflate at 10% per year. Calculate (1)

undiscounted payback time (2) discounted payback time if discount

future cost at rate 9%.

04

2

(c) Explain the working of vapour dominated geothermal system with

neat sketch. 07

OR

Q.5 (a) Explain method of simple payback period. What are its limitations? 03

(b) A 100 liter per day domestic solar water heater saves consumption

of electricity in an electrical geyser on 100 days of the year by

heating 100 liters of water from 15oC to 60oC. The useful life of the

solar water heater is estimated as 10 years. Determine the present

worth of saving through the use of the solar water heater, if the

efficiency of electrical geyser is 90% and the cost of electricity is Rs

4 per kWh. Assume interest rate as 12%.

04

(c) What are solar ponds? Discuss the working of a solar pond with help

of a neat sketch. 07

*************

1

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER–VIII (NEW) - EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2017

Subject Code: 2181910 Date: 29/04/2017 Subject Name: Renewable Energy Engineering Time: 10:30 AM to 01:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

4. Use of Solar energy data book is permissible after verification.

Q.1 (a) A researcher wants to calculate incidence angle for surface tilted at 30o with

horizontal from the data available for horizontal surface:-

Angle of incidence for horizontal surface : 45.6o

Surface facing 10o East of South at location

Date : 23rd December (Non leap year)

Standard time of location: 12 p.m.

Day length for horizontal surface: 10.7 hrs.

08

(b) The following table shows the various angle of attack, lift and drag coefficient

for airfoil DUV400. Find the design angle of attack.

Angle of

attack 2 4.1 6.2 8.1 10.2 11.3 12.1 13.2 14.2 15.3

Lift

Coefficient 0.3 0.54 0.79 0.9 0.93 0.92 0.95 0.99 1.01 1.02

Drag

Coefficient

x 10-2

1.16 1.44 1.46 1.62 2.74 3.03 3.69 5.09 6.48 7.76

Calculate lift and drag force per unit length of blade for the following data.

Design wind speed = 10 m/sec Atmospheric pressure = 1.01bar

Chord length = 15 cm. Atmospheric temperature = 30oC

06

Q.2 (a) The following data refers to liquid flat plate collector, Collector tilt = 22.15°,

Available radiation = 1100 W/m2, Absorber plate area = 2.1 m2, Plate

emissivity = 0.12, Glass cover emissivity = 0.88, Number of covers = 2, Mean

plate temperature = 68° C, Flux available at absorber plate = 800 W/m2, Side

loss coefficient = 0.8 W/m2-K, Bottom loss coefficient = 0.6 W/m2-K, Inlet

water temperature = 30° C, Ambient air temperature = 25° C, Wind speed = 1.8

m/s, Mass flow rate of water = 62 kg/hr. Determine, (1) Overall heat loss

coefficient, (2) Outlet water temperature from the collector (3) Efficiency of

collector. Use Test et al. Correlation. Take area of collector is 10% more that

area of absorber plate.

07

(b) Derive the one dimensional momentum theory and Beltz’s limit for the wind

mill. Also state the assumption in theory and draw the variation of pressure and

velocity in wind mill.

07

OR

2

(b) Explain with neat sketch the geometry of airfoil terminology. Also explain with

neat sketch indicating the direction of lift force, drag force, pitching moment

coefficient.

07

Q.3 (a) Derive the expression of collector efficiency factor, heat removal factor and

useful heat gain for the air heater.

08

(b) Explain the working of indirect solar drying system with neat sketch. Also

discuss the advantages.

06

OR

Q.3 (a) Derive the expression of collector efficiency factor, heat removal factor and

useful heat gain for the cylindrical parabolic collector.

08

(b) Explain the construction of solar pond with neat sketch. 06

Q.4 (a) Discuss the following factors affecting the biogas generation

(1) pH (2) Nutrient (3) Temperature (4) Diameter to Depth ratio (5) Carbon –

Nitrogen ratio.

05

(b) Explain with neat sketch the working of hybrid OTEC system. 05

(c) Explain with neat sketch the vapour dominated geothermal system. 04

OR

Q.4 (a) Explain with neat sketch the three stage scheme for methane fermentation. 05

(b) Explain with neat sketch the basic and working principle of MHD generator. 05

(c) Explain with neat sketch the liquid dominated geothermal system. 04

Q.5 (a) (i) For an 11,00,000/- investment in solar energy equipment which meets 56%

of annual load of 156 GJ. If first year fuel cost is Rs. 800 per GJ and

expected to inflate at 10% per year. Calculate (1) undiscounted payback time

(2) discounted payback time if discount future cost at rate 8%.

04

(ii) For a non-solar process, using fuel only, calculate the present worth of fuel

cost over 20 years if 1st year’s cost is Rs. 125500/-. The market discount rate

is 8% per year and fuel cost inflation rate is 10% per year.

04

(b) Write a short note on solar saving. 04

(c) Discuss in brief limitation of renewable energy. 02

OR

Q.5 (a) What is the annual payment and present worth of all interest payment on

mortgage, if solar system is installed having worth Rs.11,00,000/- which is to

be financed by a 10% down payment with the balance borrowed at an annual

interest rate of 9% for 20 years? The payments are to be made at the end of the

year. The market discount rate is 8%.

09

(b) Define (1) Payback time (2) Return on investment (3) Life cycle cost 03

(c) Discuss in brief advantages of renewable energy. 02

*************