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Rybářská mykologie II
Houby
Část přednášky převzata od: Mgr. Karel Prášil, CSc. a RNDr. Jiří Neustupa, Ph.D,
PřF UK Praha
Mykologie – houby a houbové organismy
Archea
Monera
Houby
Eukarya
Chromista
Microsporidia
OomycotaLabyrinthulomycotaHyphochytridiomycota
Dyctiostelidyhlenkynádorovky
Prvoci
Mykologie – houby a houbové organismy
Archea
Monera
Houby
Eukarya
Microsporidiomycota
Zygomycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
Chytridiomycota
Fungi imperfecti
Glomeromycota
Chytridiomycota
Vodní a půdní saprofyté, vzácně parazité
Blastocladiales - zoospore of Allomyces
Chytridiales - eucarpic thallus of Rhizophydium in culture
Chytridiomycota
Chytridiales - Chytridium lagenaria: sporangium developing on a pollen grain of Pinus
Chytridium releasing zoospores.
Chytridium releasing uniflagellate zoospores
empty sporangium on pine pollen grain.
Chytridiomycota
Chytridiales - wart of potato caused by Synchytrium endobioticum
Chytridiales - sporangia of a eucarpic chytrid on the green alga, Spirogyra
Chytridiales - sporangia of a chytrid on Ceratium, a planktonic dinoflagellate
Chytridiomycota
Microsporidiomycota
Zygomycota
Třída Zygomycetes
Řády: Mucorales Entomophtorales Zoopagales Kicxellales Trichomycetes
Zygomycetes. 6 orders, 29 families, 120 genera, almost 800 species
Třída Zygomycetes
Zygomycota
Mucorales
Třída Zygomycetes
•Mucor sp. A somewhat rare and opportunistic pathogen which can infect the lungs and other locations. Can be fatal to those with immunodeficiency. Spores will germinate and produce mycelial growth.
Zygomycota
Mucorales
Třída Zygomycetes
• Rhizopus sp. An opportunistic pathogen which can infect the lungs and other locations. Spores will germinate and produce mycelial growth. Can be fatal to those with immunodeficiency.
Absidia sp. Can invade upper respiratory tract, produce spores and mycelia growth. Possibly fatal to those with immunodeficiency.
Zygomycota
Mucorales
Třída Zygomycetes
Třída Zygomycetes
Mucorales
Pilobolus crystallinus (Pilobolaceae) is an atypical but fascinating coprophilous (dung-inhabiting) member of the order Mucorales. It grows very rapidly, and is one of the first fungi to fruit in the extended succession that occurs on dung. Its unbranched sporangiophores are 2-4 cm tall, and have a unique explosive dispersal mechanism.
Třída Zygomycetes
Mucorales
The right-hand picture shows what these developing zygosporangia look like under the dissecting
microscope.
Entomophthora muscae
Třída ZygomycetesEntomophtorales
• parasites of fungi, nematodes, amoebae, etc.
Piptocephalis is a parasite of Mucorales, and occurs commonly on dung.
Syncephalis is another parasite of Mucorales
Třída ZygomycetesZoopagales
Coemansia on bat dung from a cave
Spirodactylon
Třída Zygomycetes
Kickxellales
• 4 orders, 7 families, 52
genera, about 210 species.
Vázány na členovce-komensálové (trávicí soustava)-Parazité (chitin)
Třída Trichomycetes
• fewer than 200 species have been described) but it is of enormous importance in the biosphere -VAM
Třída Glomeromycetes
Ascus = vřecko
Ascomycota