FRÁZOVÁ SLOVESA – ZÁKLADNÍ TVARY
VY_32_INOVACE_AH_2_13
OPVK 1.5 – EU peníze středním školám
CZ.1.07/1.500/34.0116 Modernizace výuky na učilišti
ZÁKLADY ANGLICKÉ
GRAMATIKY PRO SOU MGR. DITA HEJLOVÁ
Název školy Střední odborné učiliště Svitavy Nádražní 1083, Svitavy
Název šablony III/2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky prostřednictvím ICT
Předmět Anglický jazyk
Tematický celek Základy anglické gramatiky pro SOU
Téma Frázová slovesa
Klíčová slova Phrasal verbs, phrases
Druh učebního materiálu
Prezentace (Microsoft PowerPoint)
Metodický pokyn Materiál je primárně určen pro studenty 4. ročníku maturitních oborů na SOU; žáci si mají zopakovat základní frázová slovesa; v závěru je část určená k procvičení
Datum vytvoření 19. 10. 2013
V angličtině se velmi často používají tzv. frázová slovesa.
Jedná se o spojení slovesa s předložkou, která má v tomto
případě roli příslovce a blíže určuje význam slovesa. Frázová
slovesa mohou mít hned několik různých významů.
Break down (porouchat se) – Our car broke down on the way
home.
Break in(to) (vloupat se) – Somebody broke into their cottage
and stole some antiquities
Break out (vypuknout) – WW I broke out in 1914.
Break up (with) (rozejít se s) – Jack broke up with Lucy last
week.
Bring up (vychovat) – She brought up her son without any
help.
Call off (odvolat, zrušit) – He called off the meeting.
Carry on (pokračovat) – Carry on reading.
Catch up (with) (dohnat) – We had to run to catch up with them.
Check in (ubytovat se; odbavit se) – You have to check in first.
Check out (of) (odhlásit se) – We have to check out of the
hotel by 12 a.m.
Call back (zavolat zpět) – I‘ll call you back as soon as possible.
Cheer up (rozveselit) – How can we cheer her up?
Come across (náhodou najít; narazit na) – We came across
some old photos in the attic.
Come back (vrátit se) – We‘ll come back in ten minutes.
Come on (dělej; ale jdi) – Come on! You‘ll be late if you don‘t
hurry up.
Come on! You don‘t expect us to
believe youdo you?
Come together (sejít se) – We‘ll come together to celebrate his
birthday.
Cut down (on) (omezit; snížit) – You should cut down on
sweets or you‘ll put on weight.
Come over (zastavit se; zajít) – Would you like to come over to
our place for a glass of wine?
Cut off (přerušit) – He got cut off in the middle of the call.
They had cut off all contacts with their family.
Dress up (převléci se za; slavnostně se obléct) –
He was dressed up as Spiderman.
I had dressed up for the job interview.
Fall apart (rozpadat se) – Their house is falling appart.
Fall out with (pohádat se s) – Jane fell out with her sister two
days ago.
Drop in (zastavit se) – Drop in sometime.
Drop off (vysadit – pasažéra) – You can drop me off here.
Get away (utéct) – He didn‘t manage to get away.
Get get in(to) / out (of) (nastoupit / vystoupit) – He got into the
taxi. / He got out of the taxi.
Get on / off (nastoupit / vystoupit) – We got on the bus. / We
got off at the wrong stop.
Fall over (upadnout) – I tripped and fell over.
Fill in (vyplnit) – You have to fill in this registration form.
Fill up (naplnit) – They filled up the bottle with water.
Find out (zjistit) – Did you find out anything about him?
Get over (překonat) – He got over a serious illness.
Get up (vstávat) – I usually get up at 6 a.m.
Give in (vzdát se) – We‘ll never give in.
Give out (rozdat) – The teacher gave out the papers and the
students had half an hour to do the test.
Get on / along (with) (vycházet s ) – How do you get on with
the people you work with?
Give away (darovat) – Many people give away money to
charity.
Go off (vybouchnout; spustit, zkazit se) – The bomb went off. /
My alarm clock goes off at six a.m. / The milk went off
because it was‘nt in the fridge.
Go on (dít se; pokračovat) – What‘s going on? / The show
must go on.
Give up (vzdát se; přestat s) – I gave up after several minutes
it was too difficult.
- She gave up smoking.
Hang on (vydržet) – Hang on. I‘ll help you in a second.
Grow up (vyrůst, dospět) – She grew up in the country.
Go out (jít ven; chodit s; zhasnout) – He often goes out with
his friends./He‘s been going out with Jane for several
months./The candle went out.
Hang up (zavěsit) – He didn‘t say anything and hung up.
Have on (mít na sobě) – She had on a beautiful dress.
Hold on (vydržet; počkat) – Hold on a minute!
Hurry up (pospíšit si) – Hurry up! We don‘t have much time.
Keep up with (držet krok s; stačit) – Slow down! We can‘t keep
up with you.
Let down (zklamat) – We won‘t let you down, we promise.
Hold up (zdržet) – He‘s so slow. He‘s holding us up.
Join in (přidat se; zapojit se) – We wanted to join in the game.
Leave out (vynechat) – Check the list once more. I think
you‘ve left someone out.
Look after (starat se o) – She is old enough to look after
herself.
Look out (dávat pozor) – Look out! A car is comming.
Log on (přihlásit se) – Can you help me? I don‘t know how to
log on.
Look for (hledat) – He‘s looking for a job.
Look forward to (těšit se na) – We‘re looking forward to the
weekend.
Make up (udobřit se; vymyslet) – They had an arguement, but
they made up very soon.
- He made up the whole story.
Look up to (obdivovat) – He looks up to their parents.
Look up (vyhledat) – Look up the words in the dictionary.
Pick on (zasednout si na; dobírat si ) – They pick on him
because he‘s so small.
Pick up (vyzvednout; zvednout) Can you pick up the children
from school today?
Pick up your clothes off the floor and put them into the
wardrobe.
Point out (upozornit na; ukázat; zdůraznit) – She pointed out
some mistakes in my test.
Put away (uklidit; odložit) – The children put away their toys
and went to bed.
Put off (odložit; odradit; rozptylovat) – They put off the meeting
until next Wednesday. / His behaviour has put us
off./The music put us off our work.
Put on (obléknout) – Put on a clean T-shirt!
Put up (postavit) – They put up their tent near the river.
Put down (položit) – Put down the jug or you‘ll break it.
Run out (of) (dojít; docházet) – I‘ve run out of milk. Can you
lend me some?
Sell out (vyprodat) – The concert was completely sold out.
Put up with (snést) – I find him really rude. How can you put
up with him?
Run over (přejet) – He run over a pedestrian yesterday.
Set off (vyrazit; vydat se na cestu) – When do you want to set
off?
Set up (vytvořit; založit) – They set up their company five
years ago.
Sort out (vyřešit) – I have to sort out some problems.
Take after (podobat se; být po někom) – She takes after her
mother.
Settle down(usadit se) – My friends settled down in a small
village.
Slow down (zpomalit) – Slow down! You‘re driving too quickly.
Speak up (mluvit hlasitěji) – Speak up! We can‘t hear you.
Think over (rozmyslet si; promyslet si) – I need some time to
think over your offer.
Throw away/out (vyhodit) – The CD player is broken. I‘ll have
to throw it away.
Take off (sundat; vzlétnout) – Take off your coat it‘s warm in
here. / The plane took off at 5 p..
Take up (začit se věnovat; zabírat) – She‘s taken up doing
sport in order to lose some weight./The furniture
takes up a lot of space.
Try out (vyzkoušet) – Try out my new laptop!
Turn down (odmítnout; ztlumit) – Why did you turn down the
offer? / Turn down the TV!
Turn on/off (zapnout/vypnout) – Turn on the TV. I want to
watch the news. / You can turn off the TV. I‘m not
watching it.
Turn over (otočit) – Turn over your exam papers!
Try on (vyzkoušet si – oblečení) – Can I try on these trousers?
Turn up (dorazit; objevit se; zesílit) – They turned up late./
Turn up the TV!
Wake up (probudit -se) – I woke up very early yesterday. / Will
you wake me up at five, please?
Wear out (obnosit; vyčerpat -se) – She wore out several pairs
of shoes during one year./ The children have worn
her completely out.
Work out (posilovat/cvičit; vyřešit; vyjít) – He works out in the
gym every day./ Don‘t say anything. We want to
work it out for ourselves. They holiday in Italy didn‘t
work out the way they‘d planned./24
Write down (poznamenat si; zapsat) – Write down the
address. It‘s necessary.
TRANSLATE./PŘELOŽTE.
Vzdej to. To nedokážeš.
Give it up! You won‘t manage it.
Nějaký opilý řidič včera přejel malé dítě.
A drunk driver run over a small child yesterday.
Obleč si ty nové šaty. Jsou opravdu krásné.
Put on the new dress. It‘s really beautiful.
Vypni tu televizi a jdi spát.
Turn off the TV and go to bed.
Budou muset odložit dovolenou.
John se právě rozešel s přítelkyní.
John‘s just broken up with his girlfriend.
Jak vycházíš s tvými spolužáky?
How do you get on with your classmates?
V jeho domě včera vypukl požár.
In his house broke out the fire yesterday.
They‘ll have to put off ther holiday.
NEUVEDEN. Really learn 100 phrasal verbs. China: Oxford
University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-19431744-3.
BELÁN, Juraj. Gramatika anglického jazyka. Brno: DIDAKTIS,
2007, ISBN 978-80-7358-066-7.
Zdroje
