Výukový materiál GE 02 - 46Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková

Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Jiří FollerProjekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů

Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

MOLECULAR GENETICS - RNA

2014

a necessary component of protein synthesis (= synthesis of proteins)

synthesis of proteins = protein synthesis : fundamental process, by which the

information from DNA is transferred into a particular sign

polynucleotide chain

RNA

three types of RNA: 1) m RNA messenger mediator linear synthesis in the cell nucleus enzyme RNA – polymerase the triplet of nucleotides after each

other following on mRNA is called codon

RNA

the nitrogen base is bound on the ribosome carbon in position1,

different from DNA because of the occurance of uracil instead of thymine

remaining bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine) are identical on both nucleic acids

RNA

RNA very various: mono helix and linear molecules also double helix structures > t RNA 3 types of RNA: m RNA t RNA r RNA

RNA

1) m RNA messenger mediator information it develops by the transcription from DNA

(enzyme RNA – polymerase) hundreds to thousands of nucleotides linear synthesis of m RNA in the cell nucleus a triplet of nucleotides following behind each

other placed on mRNA is called codon

RNA

2) t RNA transfer complicated structure short – 74 až 95

nucleotides the cord creates 4

arms secondary structure

- it reminds a shamrock trefoil

RNA

particular arms

attach to each other

=> they make up a

more complex

space formation –

so called tertiary

structure

RNA

AMA bind on the acceptor arm

anticodon arm it contains a triplet of nucleotides = anticodon

each anticodon in tRNA is complementary to the particular triplet of nucleotides in mRNA – to the codon

RNA

3) rRNA ribosomal contained in ribosomes translation proceeds on

ribosomes genetic information transcribed

from DNA into mRNA determines the order of amino acids in the protein chain

RNA

DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

Which picture depicts the tertiary structure of tRNA ?

REVISION

KOČÁREK, Eduard. Genetika: obecná genetika a cytogenetika, molekulární biologie, biotechnologie, genomika. 2. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 2008, 211 s. ISBN 978-80-86960-36-4.

SOURCES