AMPHIBIANS

Výukový materiál OR 03 - 74Tvůrce: Mgr. Alena Výborná

Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří FollerProjekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů

Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

AMPHIBIANS● transition between aquatic and terrestrial

vertebrates

● the oldest known amphibians –

Trematosaurus:

● they developed from Coelacantiformes

they reached up to 1 metre

● at present 3000 species of amphibians

AMPHIBIANS● larvae – tadpoles, breathing with outer gill, their

stream organ is developed ● adults – they breathe with lungs and skin

● skin – bald, smooth, verrucous, mucus glands

(the body surface is clammy), mucus glands

sometimes transformed into poison, they

sometimes shed their skin

AMPHIBIANS

● changeable body temperature = cold-blooded

animals

● digestive system – it ends by the cloaca (both

kidney and reproduction system terminals join

here)

AMPHIBIANS

● Reproduction:

● Caudata:

● males put their sexual cells in special capsule

● females pick them up by the tip of cocoon = fertilization

inside the female body (=internal fertilization)

● They lay eggs on water plants individually, some of

them give birth to living young ones

AMPHIBIANS● Anura:

● the male tacks on the back of the female

(amplexus)

● female releases eggs, male fertilizes them

(=external fertilization)

● they lay eggs in clusters (Pelophylax – pool frog,

water frog), strings (toads)

AMPHIBIANS● voice performance by the reproduction● tadpoles:● a long tail● frog tadpoles ● hind legs grow first, front legs later● gill is hidden early● newt tadpoles● comb-like gill● front legs grow first

AMPHIBIANS● food● animal (insects…)● colouring● protective● warning

AMPHIBIANS - CAUDATA● spotted salamander:● night animal● deciduous, mixed forests● endangered, protected● newt:● it spends the most of the year in the water● common newt, mountain newt

SPOTTED SALAMANDER

NEWT

AMPHIBIANS - ANURA

● frogs● short dumpy body without tail● hind legs much shorter● web among the toes of hind legs● tongue – can be thrown far and is used for hunting of prey● the most frogs are adapted to the terrestrial life● eyelids● most frogs care about their eggs and about their young

ones (common midwife toad)

AMPHIBIANS - ANURA

•Toads:•night frogs•dumpy body•verrucous skin•Fire-bellied toads:•small frogs•distinctive black–yellow coloration on the belly

COMMON TOAD

AMPHIBIANS - ANURA

•Common toads:•slim frogs•most usual is common frog•apart from the reproduction they live in shady

forests•Common spadefoot toad:•vertical pupils•a night frog• it digs out holes

COMMON FROG

AMPHIBIANS - ANURA

•Tree frogs:• they live on trees or bushes• they move well on straight planes

TREE FROG

Review:

• 1) The skin of amphibians serves as………………….

• 2) Amphibians belong to warm-bloodeed animals:

YES NO

• 3) Tadpoles breathe with ………………

• 4) How could a frog tadpole be differed from a newt

tadpole?

• 5) Which frog species can be found in our country?

Source:• DOBRORUKA, Luděk J. Přírodopis pro 7. ročník základní školy. 1.

vyd. Praha: Scientia, 1998, 152 s. ISBN 80-718-3134-4

• Obrázky: http://commons.wikimedia.org (osvobozeno od autorských práv)