APPLIED BICYCLE WAYas

URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

FINAL EXAM THEORY OF CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING-DINI PANGASTUTI-

INTRODUCTIONWhat is Urban Area?

characterized area with higher population density and vast human features in comparison to the areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlets.

URBAN AREA IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES URBAN AREA IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Such Us Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, India, etc

Such Us United Kingdom, Austalia, Denmark, Sweden, Japan, German, etc

BACKGROUNDWhat new responbilities in the area of urban environment?

TRAFFFIC JAM

Gigantic amount of private transportation modes used that consume enormous resources changed and burden on the environment affecting environment. Pollution constitutes not only a threat to our historic heritage but is also and above all a health hazard through both atmospheric pollution and noise. The cost in human and economic terms of road accidents is going down but still remains exorbitant and is not readily acknowledged. The economic cost of traffic jams has now reached critical proportions.

PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN DEVELOPED COUNTRYCombining measures to promote cycling and public

transport, towns can succeed in lowering the car use rate. This has been borne out that called Bikebusters in Arhus (Denmark). Even in a country wherealternatives to the car are already well developed, there is still the potential to change the habits of motorists in favour of modes of transport which are more respectful of the environment.

73 % OF EUROPEANS THINK THAT BICYCLES SHOULD BENEFIT FROM PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT

COMPARED WITH CARS

Comparison of various transport modes from the ecological viewpoint with a private car for an identical journey with the same number of people/km

PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN DENMARK

In late 1800`s-1960`s, Copenhagen being a bicyclefriendlycity but just for sport and recreation

From 1970-2000`s, Copenhagen full of private cars, but in this period occuring several conflicts arose between bicycle and car. it became increasingly difficult to turn a blind eye to the many traffic accidents and the growing pollution problem

Between 1990-1999`s, CO2 emissions (greenhouse gases) feel in all sectors with the exception from transport and 25% from private cars. 82% Europeans say that environmental questions are a priority issue.

Copenhagen being one of bicyclefriendlycities in Europe and designed for public transport. Danish cyclists do not use a bicycle out of necessity, but because it is the quickest and easiest means of transport, and because cycling is a natural part of Danish culture and lifestyle.

Sustainable transport is not just about encouraging people to use public transport. It is about reducing carbon emissions on all transport modes esigning the transport system and our cities so there is less need to travel.  

Some points primarily focus on suistanable transport are following :1.Shaping a more efficient city, where people live closer to their work, schools, services and shops so making it easier for people to use more sustainable forms of transport2.Improving the environmental efficiency of transport activity and the transport fleet.3. Protect the environment, locally and globally in the short and long term4.Provide and promote lower carbon transport options5.Be safe and support improved health and well-being.

DANISH CICLYSTWhat is benefit of bicycle? Benefit bicycle for community

economic benefits (such as a drop in the share of the household budget devoted to the car, reduction of working hours lost in traffic jams, reduction of health costs

political advantages (such as a reduction in dependence on energy, saving non-renewable resources)

social advances (such as the democratisation of mobility, greater autonomy and accessibility of all facilities to both young and elderly people);

ecological impacts (with a distinction between local, effects — notion of ecological balance).

Benefit bicycle for individual

Bicycles can contribute to making public transport more appealing by guaranteeing better accessibility. On the basis of an unaltered journey time of 10 minutes. Therefore using bicycle give more advantages than walking

As they buy smaller quantities on each visit, cyclists come more often to shop than motorists and thus expose themselves more often to temptation. The conclusion is motorists are not better customers than cyclists, pedestrians or the users of public transport

TYPES OF BICYCLE WAY

Standard four-lane road. Traffic speeds are high, and the road is very dangerous for pedestrians to cross

Two times two lanes, with a total road width of 10.40 m. Lorries can only overtake other lorries at slow speed. Space saving compared with a standard road: 3.6 m.

Two times two lanes, with a total road width of 9 m. Lorries cannot be overtaken. As lorries generally make up between 5 and 10% of the traffic, the reduction in the road capacity is of the same order. The space saving, compared with a standard road, is 5 m or 30%.

TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT If there is a conflict between the needs of cyclists/pedestrians/public transport and those of motorists in traffic management, should clearly preferential or preferential treatment be granted to cyclists/pedestrians/public transport or cars

The effects of car traffic in town

centres

Deterioration of air quality in town

centres

How do you judge the action of the authorities with regard to traffic management?

An efficient solution to reducetraffic would be….

The experience of towns which apply contraflow systems’ for cyclists in one-way streets proves the effectiveness of this measure in encouraging cycling and the benefits which it represents for safety. Only some crossroads required the introduction of facilities. An information campaign is essential to familiarise motorists with the new situation.

SAFETY AND COMFORTABLEWhat is responbility to manage suistanable transport system?SOME BICYCLE FACILITIES

RENTAL BICYCLE INTEGRATED WITH PUBLIC FACILITIES

USING E-TICKET FOR RENTALING BICYCLE

POLICEMAN AS SUBTITUTING SIGN

APPLIED IN DEVELOPING COUNTRYDeveloped in Indonesia………………

Some big cities in Indonesia have been applied bicyclefriendlycities with providing bicycle way such us cycle line, cycle path, cycle road, and parking area. Some big cities in Indonesia may not provide shelter for combining public transport modes with bicycle yet.

YOGJAKARTA

SEMARANGThe city was dominated by bicycles as recently as the 1970’s but has since been encroached upon by legions of motor scooters whizzing around. Despite recent history Yogya maintains one of the best city-wide systems of bike infrastructure we have seen in Southeast Asia. Not only are there tons of well posted alternative bike routes to give cyclists an easy way to navigate the city while avoiding main roads, but there are even bike boxes at major intersections. Developing bicycle way in Jogjakarta, there is may not integrating with public transportation modes yet.

APPLIED IN DEVELOPING COUNTRYHow to developing bicyclefriendlycity in other cities………………

1. Identification desire of local people about using bicycle not just as recreational but also facility to workers and students.

2. Identification bicycle transportation potencial for supporting developed alternatives transportation modes and public transportation

3. Identification public transportation needs and charateristics not just as individual but also grouping transportation

4. Identification priority spot location that have big amount of movement. Then those spot locations grouped become one area

5. Identification types of bicycle way (bike lane, bike road, bike way, and bike path) from :

Width of road Hierarchy of road LOSS or level service of road Purpose of cyclist based on each of spot locations6. Fixing potencial locations for developing bicycle way based on applicability,

repplicability, and integrated with public transportation7. Making bicycle way mapping based on each of spot locations8. Analyzing bicycle facilities needs for supporting safety and comfortable for

cyclist based on applicability,and repplicability such us parking area, zebra crossing, JPO, marca, signs, public lights (PJU), and shelter

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