Rjevqy cwieZ©b RwbZ jeYv³Zvi mv‡ Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z DcK‚jxq AÂ ...€¦ · 4.2 Avw`evmx...

mshyw³ 6 (M)- Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv meyR Rjevqy Znwej A_©vqb cÖ¯Íve

WKz‡g›U 7 1

I

Rjevqy cwieZ©b RwbZ jeYv³Zvi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z DcK‚jxq AÂ‡ji KwgDwbwUmg~‡ni, we‡kl K‡i

bvix‡ì, Awf‡hvRb mÿgZv e„w×

Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv

1 b‡f¤i 2017


WKz‡g›U 7 2

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m~wPcÎ

m~wPcÎ 2 1 f‚wgKv 3 1.1 cUf‚wg 3 1.2 cÖK‡íi mswÿß weeiY 4 1.2.1 Kg©Kv‡Ði mvims‡ÿc 4 2 cÖKí GjvKv‡Z Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy R‡bMvôxi Dcw ’wZ 7 2.1.1 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv cÖYq‡Yi aviYvi g~j wfwË 8 3 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK eë ’v 8 3.1.1 cwiPvjb 8 3.1.2 mÿgZv e„w× 9 4 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ AvBbx I cÖvwZôvwbK Kg©KvVv‡gv 9 4.1 AvBb, bxwZgvjv I cÖweavb 9 4.2 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx mswkøó enycvwÿK Pzw³ I †cÖv‡UvKjmg~n 10 5 ev Íevqb I cwiPvjbv 10 5.1 mvaviY eë ’vcbv KvVv‡gv I `vwqZ¡vejx 10 5.1.1 cÖKí †evW© I Dc-KwgwUmg~n 11 5.1.2 RvZxq cÖKí eë ’vcbv BDwbU 11 5.1.3 cÖKí G¨vwmD‡iÝ cÖK‡íi Aw½Kvi 11 5.2 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gvi cwiPvjbv 11 5.2.1 cÖKí †Wwjfvwi 12 5.2.2 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gvi cwiPvjbv 12 6 †hvMv‡hvM 12 6.1 Rbmvavi‡Yi civgk© I Awfe¨w³ cÖKvk¨ †NvlYv 13 6.2 Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi I Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj 14 6.3 Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi 14 6.4 Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj 17 7 cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb 17 8 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv ev Íevq‡bi ev‡RU 18 mshyw³ 1: Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbvi i~c‡iLv 20 mshyw³ 2 20 wPÎ 1: gvbwPÎ 4 wPÎ 2: cÖKí cwiPvjbv KvVv‡gv 10


WKz‡g›U 7 3

I 1. f‚wgKv

1. meyR Rjevqy Znwe‡ji (GCF) wbKU evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii ÒRjevqy cwieZ©b RwbZ jeYv³Zvi mv‡_ Lvvc LvB‡q wb‡Z DcK‚jxq AÂ‡ji KwgDwbwUmg~‡ni, we‡kl K‡i bvix‡ì Awf‡hvRb mÿgZv e„w×Ó bvgK cÖKí cÖ¯Ívebvi mnvqK `wjj wn‡m‡e GB Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gvwU (IPPF) cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Rvbv g‡Z Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí GjvKvi g‡a¨ emevm K‡i, Kv‡RB GB cÖK‡íi Rb¨ Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gvwU cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

2. evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Avwèvmx I RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy m¤úª`vq m¤úwK©Z RvZxq bxwZgvjv AbymiY K‡i cÖK‡íi wewfbœ Ask cÖ¯ÍyZKi‡Y mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z, Ges GB cÖKí Øviv ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i Ggb Avwèvmx I RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy m¤úª`vq Ges Avwèvmx ev msL¨vjNy bq Ggb Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ cÖK‡íi myweav mgvbfv‡e eÈb wbwðZ Ki‡Z GB AvBwcwcGd cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨mg~n n‡jv:

K. cÖK‡íi wewfbœ As‡ki AMvg w¯Œwbs Kiv hv‡Z Avwèvmx I RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy cwievimg~‡ni Dc‡i †mMywji cÖfve wbi~cY Kiv m¤¢e nq; L. cÖKí Kg©Kv‡Ði cÖ¯ÍywZ, ev¯Íevqb I cwiexÿY cÖwµqv‡Z cÖKí GjvKv‡Z emevmiZ Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msN¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi A_©c~Y© AskM ÖnY Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv wbwðZ Kiv; M. cÖK‡íi †h‡Kv‡bv m¤¢ve¨ Awb”QvK…Z wei~c cÖfve cÖkgb Ki‡Z GB Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv cÖYqb; N. GB cÖKí †_‡K †hb Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôx ms¯‹…wZMZfv‡e h_vh_ mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK myweav cvq Zv wbwðZ Kiv; O. GB cÖK‡íi Rb¨ Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gvi w¯Œwbs, cwiKíbv cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK eë ’v wba©viY Kiv; Ges P. cwiKíbvwUi ch©v‡jvPbv I ev Íevq‡bi cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvi i~c‡iLv cÖ`vb Kiv|

1.1 cUf‚wg

3. meyR Rjevqy Znwe‡ji wbKU †ck Kivi Rb¨ BDGbwWwcÕi mnvqZvq evsjv‡`k miKvi Rjevqyi cÖfv‡ei mv‡_ Awf‡hvRb msµvšÍ GKwU cÖKí cÖ¯ÍyZ Ki‡Q hv‡Z g~j welq n‡e Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ jeYv³Zv e„w×i mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z DcK‚jxq AÂ‡ji Rb‡Mvôxmg~n, we‡kl K‡i bvix‡ì, Awf‡hvRb mÿgZv e„w×|

4. evsjv‡`‡ki DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ cÖavb SuywKmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q mgy ªc„‡ôi D”PZv e„w× (SLR), DògÐjxq So I N~wY©S‡oi ZxeªZv e„w×i d‡j R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi NUbv e„w×, I ZvcgvÎv e„w×| Rjevqyi GB wZb ai‡bi cwieZ©‡bi cÖwZwUB f‚c„ô¯’ I f‚Mf©¯’ cvwbi jeYv³Zv e„w×‡Z f‚wgKv ivL‡Q| R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi NUbv e„w× I mgy ªc„ôi D”PZv e„w×i d‡j DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j †bvbv cvwb AbycÖ‡e‡ki nvi †e‡o wM‡q‡Q| Avevi, ZvcgvÎv e„vw×i d‡j ev®úxfe‡bi nvi †e‡o wM‡q‡Q hv e„wócv‡Zi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z gvwU‡Z AvU‡K _vKv cvwbi Dr‡m je‡Yi NbZ¡ Av‡iv evwo‡q †`q| ky®‹ I Av ª© †gŠmy‡gi e¨vwßI Pig jeYv³Zvi cwigvY evwo‡q w`‡Z cv‡i KviY ky®‹ †gŠmy‡gi †k‡li w`‡K hLb ZvcgvÎv A‡bK †ewk _v‡K Ges ev®úxfebI A‡cÿvK…Z †ewk nq I wgVv cvwbi cwigvY K‡g hvq ZLb jeYv³Zv †e‡o hvq| Rjevqyi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z bq Ggb Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v †hgb b`x‡Z wgVv cvwb cÖevn n«vm cvevi d‡j jeYv³Zv cwiw¯’wZi Av‡iv AebwZ N‡U| GB cÖwµqv‡Z DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j wgVvcvwbi Dr‡m I gvwU‡Z jeYv³Zv e„w× cvq Ges cvbxq R‡ji cÖvc¨Zv I K…wl wfwËK Rxeb I RxweKv ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq|

5. Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfve m‡e‡P‡q Zxeªfv‡e cwijwÿZ nq evsjv‡`‡ki DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j me‡P‡q cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvôxi Dc‡i| Rjevqy cwieZ©b RwbZ SuywKmg~n †RÛvi wbi‡cÿ bq Ges Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfvemg~‡ni A‡bKMywj bvix I Avwèvmx‡ì g‡Zv Av_©-mvgvwRKfv‡e cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvôxmg~‡ni Dc‡i ZxeªZi nq| Avwèvmx‡ì RxweKvq‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z †ek wKQz we‡kl cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y ÿgZvi Amg mgxKiY I Zvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Z_¨MZ AcÖwZmgZv, Ges wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqv‡Z cÖwZeÜKZvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡ì mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK wew”QbœZv Av‡iv e„w× cvq|1

6. ZzjbvgyjKfv‡e, bvix‡ì Drcv`bkxj m¤ú` jv‡fi my‡hvM I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi ÿgZv Kg _v‡K, Ges Zv‡ì ¯^v¯’¨ I Lv`¨ wbivcËvi I Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q wbivcËvi Dc‡i Gi cÖfve c‡o| cÖKí GjvKv‡Z Avwèvmx Rb‡MvôxMywjI GKB ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZvi wkKvi|

7. Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi GmKj cÖfve I Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxmg~‡ni cÖvwšÍKxKi‡Yi (Avwèvmx bvix‡ì AvšÍt‡Mvôx cÖvwšÍKxKiYmn) Av‡jv‡K GB cÖKí evsjv‡`‡k Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfv‡e me‡P‡q †ewk AvµvšÍ `wÿY-cwðg AÂ‡ji DcK‚jxq ywU †Rjv mvZÿxiv I L~jbvi wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôxmg~‡ni Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖwZ mnbkxjZv e„w×i D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡e| GB ywU †Rjv mgy ªc„‡ôi D”PZv e„w×, †bvbv cvwbi AbycÖ‡ek Ges gvwU I cvwb‡Z jeYv³Zv e„w×i g‡Zv Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi µgea©gvb cÖfv‡ei gy‡LvgywL n‡”Q| G‡Z enb‡hvM¨ cvwbi cÖvc¨Zv I DcK‚jxq Rxeb-RxweKv DfqB ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡”Q|

1.2 cÖK‡íi mswÿß weeiY

8. GB cÖKí ywU DcK‚jxq †Rjv mvZÿvxiv I Lyjbv‡Z bvix I wK‡kvix‡ì‡K K…wl I grm¨ PvlwfwËK Rjevqy cwieZ©b mnbkxj RxweKv wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ cÖwkÿY, m¤ú` mnvqZv Ges HmKj RxweKvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z evRvi mshyw³i gva¨‡g jÿ¨fz³ mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z Pvq|

1Alam et al., 2008; Ahmed et al., 2007


WKz‡g›U 7 4

I 9. GQvovI, GB cÖK‡í cÖvwZôvwbK, KwgDwbwU I cvwievwiK ch©v‡q e„wói cvwb aviY (RWH) eë¯’vi gva¨‡g Ges KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q ¯‹vB nvB‡Wª›U wm‡÷‡gi gva¨‡g GB ywU †Rjvq Ab¨vb¨ Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq Av‡mwb Ggb me‡P‡q †ewk jeYv³Zv AvµvšÍ wbe©vwPZ wKQz Iqv‡W© enb‡hvM¨ cvwb mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

10. me‡k‡l, GB cÖKí cÖvwZôvwbK mÿgZv e„w× Ki‡e, Ges Rjevqy cwieZ©b SuywK AewnZ RxweKv I cvbxq R‡ji wbivcËv eë ’vcbv wel‡q Ávb I wkÿv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| jÿ¨fz³ ywU †Rjv‡Z bvixi ¯v ’¨, wbivcËv I A_©‰bwZK weKí Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g bvixi m¤ú‡ì AwaKvi, wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi ÿgZv I KwgDwbwUi Awf‡hvRb mÿgZv e„w×‡Z bvix‡ì †bZ…Z¡¯’vbxq f‚wgKv cvj‡b mnvqZv cÖ`v‡b GB cÖKí †RÛvi i~cvšÍig~jK dj e‡q Avb‡e|

11. wbe©vwPZ ywU †Rjv‡Z cÖK‡íi jÿ¨fz³ GjvKvi gvbwPÎ wb‡P cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv (wPÎ 1):

wPÎ 1: cÖKí GjvKvi gvbwPÎ

1.2.1 Kg©Kv‡Ði mvims‡ÿc cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡í wb¤œewY©Z Kg©KvÐmg~n AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e: AvDUcyU 1t DcK‚jxq K…wl wfwËK KwgDwbwUi Awf‡hvRb mÿgZv e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ bvix‡ì‡K †K› ª K‡i Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKv 1.1 eëmvq D‡`¨vM Ges bvix‡ì Rb¨ Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKvi KwgDwbwU wfwËK ev¯Íevqb

1.1.1 Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKvi weKímgy‡ni †cvU©‡dvwjIi Rb¨ AskMÖnYg~jK gvbwPÎvqb; 1.1.2 KwgDwbwUi RxweKv m¤úwK©Z SuywK I Awf‡hvRb Ges DcKvi‡fvMx g~j¨vqb I wbe©vP‡bi wfwË‡Z RxweKv †cÖdvBj cÖ¯ÍyZKiY

(G¨vKkbGBW cÖ`Ë mnbkxjZv m~PK eënvi K‡i); 1.1.3 RxweKv †cÖvdvB‡ji Dc‡i wfwË K‡i 1017 wU bvix RxweKv MÖyc (WLGs) MVb I cybivq Pvjy Kiv (AvDUcyU 2 Gi Aax‡b cvwb eënviKvix MÖycMywji (WUGs) mv‡_ mgšq); 1.1.4 bvix RxweKv MÖycMywji Rb¨ Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKvi BbcyU, m¤ú` I Uzjm µq (176 wU KuvKov Lvgvi; 4 wU KuvKov bvm©vix; 18wU KuvKovi Lvevi cÖwµqvRvZKiY; 61 wU G¨v‡Kvqv wRI‡cvwbKm; 189 wU emZevox evMvb; 410 wU nvBWª‡cvwbKm; 114 wU wZj Pvl; 45 wU e„ÿ bvm©vix); 1.1.5 cÖwkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿY wfwËK aviYv MÖnY Ges bvix RxweKv MÖycMywji Rb¨ (39 wU BDwbq‡b WSCs/LGIs/MoWCA bvix I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©KZ©v‡ì‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i) Rjevqy mnbkxj cÖhyw³ wel‡q `ÿZv e„w×, DrK…ó PP©v I ixwZbxwZ, †UKmB eë ’vcbv P©Pv, Ges mnbkxj RxweKv cwiPvjbv I eë¯’vcbv wel‡q KwgDwbwU m‡PZbZv e„w× (grm¨Pvl Kg©Kv‡Ði Rb¨ weGdAviAvB Gi mv‡_ mgš‡qi wfwË‡Z); 1.1.6 evwYR¨ `ÿZv e„w×‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z bvix RxweKv MÖycmg~‡ni Rb¨ cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿ‡Yi aviYv MÖnY hvi d‡j mnbkxj RxweKvi

Rb¨ evRviRvZKiY I A_©vqb cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kiv m¤¢e n‡e; 1.2 kw³kvjx Rjevqy mnbkxj f¨vjy †PBb I weKí mnbkxj RxweKvi Rb¨ evRvi

1.2.1 bvix RxweKv MÖycmg~‡ni gv‡S AskMÖnYg~jK, Rjevqy SuywK AewnZ f¨vjy †PBb Dbœqb cwiKíbv cÖYqb, f¨vjy †PBb G¨v±i‡ì mv‡_ mshyw³;

1.2.2 mnbkxj RxweKvi Rb¨ Rjevqy SuywK AewnZ g~j¨ ms‡hvRb wewb‡qvM (we`¨gvb 2wU KuvKovi n¨vPvwi DbœZKiY); 1.2.3 g~j¨ ms‡hvRb cÖhyw³ I myweavw` cwiPvjbv I eë ’vcbvi Rb¨ Rjevqy SuywKmg~n AšÍf©y³ K‡i cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY wfwËK KvwiMix cÖwkÿY (n¨vPvwi); 1.2.4 Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi SuywKmg~n cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ †QvU cwim‡i grm¨Pv‡l †UKmB Drcv`b I eë ’vcbvi Rb¨ AvPiYwewa cÖYqb; 1.2.5 mnbkxj RxweKvi AbyKiY I Dbœqb mÿg Ki‡Z Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q wcwcAvB cÖwZôv I mnvqZv cÖ`vb (BDwbqb ch©v‡q wcwcAvB MVb Ki‡Z IqvK©kc I †bUIqvwK©s welqK Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g); 1.2.6 Dc‡Rjv I †Rjv ch©v‡qi Kg©x‡ì‡K mnbkxj RxweKv Dbœq‡b wcwcAvB‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb welqK cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb (gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq, grm¨ Awa`ßi, GjwRAvB); 1.2.7 †UKmB mnbkxj RxweKvi Rb¨ A_©vqb ms‡hv‡Mi myweav MÖn‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡Z bvix RxweKv MÖyc, f¨vjy †PBb G¨v±i I Avw_©K cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni Rb¨v mÿgZv e„w×g~jK Kg©kvjv I †bUIqvwK©s m¤úwK©Z Abyôvb|

1.3 mnbkxj RxweKvi Rjevqy SuywK AewnZ I Awf‡hvwRZ eë ’vcbvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU wfwËK cwiexÿY Ges †kl mxgv ch©šÍ BWweøDmg~n †cŠ‡Q †`qv 1.3.1 bvix‡ì MÖyc, f¨vjy †PBb G¨v±i Ges WweøDGmwm/GjwRAvB ÷vd‡ì Rb¨ 101 wU Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g Rjevqy SuywKn«vm †KŠkj ev Íevqb wel‡q m‡PZbZv e„w× I cÖwkÿY;

1.3.2 bvix I wK‡kvix †¯^”Qv‡mex MÖyc MVb Kiv (cÖwZ Iqv‡W© GKwU K‡i) Ges AvMvg mZK©xiKiY m¤úwK©Z cÖPvi I †mev cÖ`vb wel‡q cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY wfwËK cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb (wmwcwcÕi mv‡_ mgš‡qi wfwË‡Z); 1.3.3 Ab¨vb¨ IqvW© I BDwbqb ch©v‡q †¯”Qv‡mex †KŠkj AybKiY Ki‡Z mvg_©¨ cÖ`v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ wWGgwm Kg©x, BDwbqi ch©v‡qi wmwcwc †¯”Qv‡mex MÖyc, weAviwmGm, Ges y‡h©vM eë ’vcbv I ÎvY gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©Pvix‡ì Rb¨ cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY wfwËK cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb, wkÿv wewbgq I Awacivgk© ; 1.3.4 mnbkxj RxweKv cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ Rjevqy SuywK AewnZ AwWU †cÖv‡UvKj I UzjKxU M‡o †Zvjv; 1.3.5 µgcwieZ©bkxj Rjevqy SuywKmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K RxweKvq‡bi dj cwiexÿY wel‡q bvix RxweKv MÖyc I cÖvwZôvwbK Kg©x‡ì‡K (GjwRAvB/wWWweøDG) cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY wfwËK cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb;

AvDUcyU 2t eQie¨vcx, wbivc` I Rjevqy mnbkxj cvbxq Rj cÖvwßi †RÛvi †imcbwmf my‡hvM


WKz‡g›U 7 5

I 2.1 AskMÖnYg~jK, mywbw ©ó ¯’vb wfwËK gvbwPÎvqb, DcKvi‡fvMx wbe©vPb, Ges Rjevqy mnbkxj cvbxq R‡ji mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU wfwËK eë¯’vcbv KvVv‡gv cÖwZôv

2.1.1 DcKvi‡fvMx wbe©vP‡bi kZ©vejxi Av‡jv‡K DcKvi‡fvMx cwievi PzovšÍ Ki‡Z, m‡PZbZv e„w× Ki‡Z, Ges Rjevqy cwieZ©‡Yi SuywKi Av‡jv‡K cÖ¯ÍvweZ cvbxq R‡ji myweav eë ’v eÈ‡bi Rb¨ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv;

2.1.2 cvbxq R‡ji eë ’vi AskMÖnYg~jK gvbwPÎvqb, cixÿv wbixÿv Kiv I ¯’vb wbe©vPb (bKkv cÖYq‡bi mgq cwiPvwjZ ¯’vb wfwËK G¨v‡mm‡g‡›Ui wfwË‡Z);

2.1.3 WweøDBDwR Ges WweøDGgwm mg~n MVb/mwµqKiY/mnvqZv cÖ`vb (AvDUcyU-1 G WweøDGjwRmg~‡ni mv‡_ GKwÎZ K‡i †Rvi`vi Kiv);

2.1.4 cvwb mieivn eë ’vi cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i bKkv cÖYq‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb cixÿvmn we ÍvwiZ G¨v‡mm‡g›U|

2.2 Rjevqy mnbkxj cvbxq R‡ji mvgvavb ev Íevqb (cwievi, KwgDwbwU I wkí cÖwZôvb ch©v‡q) 2.2.1 cvwb mieivn eë ’v ’vc‡bi cÖwZwU ’v‡bi I mieivn eë ’vi cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i cwiKíbv cÖYqb I we¯ ÍvwiZ bKkv cÖYqb; 2.2.2 cwievi ch©v‡q 13,323wU e„wói cvwb aviY eë ’v ’vc‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vb cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv Ges gRy` U¨vsK, iyd K¨vP‡g›U I cvwb cÖevn DcKiY mn cvwb aviY eë ’v wbg©vY; 2.2.3 KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q 228 wU e„wói cvwb aviY eë ’v ’vc‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vb cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv Ges gRy` U¨vsK, iyd K¨vP‡g›U I cvwb cÖevn DcKiY mn cvwb aviY eë ’v wbg©vY;

2.2.4 cÖvwZôvwbK ch©v‡q 19 wU e„wói cvwb aviY eë ’v ’vc‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vb cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv Ges gRy` U¨vsK, iyd K¨vP‡g›U I cvwb cÖevn DcKiYmn cvwb aviY eë¯’v wbg©vY;

2.2.5 cyKz‡ii av‡i euva wbg©v‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vb cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv I euva wbg©vY Ges 42 wU cyKz‡i wdj‡Uªkb wm‡÷g ¯’vcb; 2.2.6 ¯’vc‡bi ci I Kwgkwbs Gi c~‡e© wgVv cvwbi Drmmg~‡ni cvwbi ¸YMZ gvb cixÿv/hvPvB|

2.3 mnbkxj cvbxq R‡ji eë¯’vi KwgDwbwU wfwËK, Rjevqy SuywK AewnZ cwiPvjbv I iÿYv‡eÿY (O&M) 2.3.1 cwiewZ©Z Rjevqyi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z evwl©K Awfv‡hvRbÿg cvwb eÈb I eë ’vcbv cwiKíbvi Rb¨ WweøDBDwR I WweøDGgwm wgwUs Av‡qvRb‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb; 2.3.2 cvwb mgm¨v mgvav‡b Rjevqy cwieZ©b I y‡h©vM SuywK eë¯’vcbv wel‡q cwievi, cvwb eënviKvix Rb‡Mvôx I WweøDGmwm mg~‡ni m‡PZbZv I mÿgZv e„w× (Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g) | 2.3.3 cwiPvjbv I eë ’vcbvi Pvwn`v wPýZKiY I A_©vq‡bi Drm I KvwiMix mnvqZv mn wZb Íi wewkó wd-wfwËK cwiPvjbv

eë ’vcbv cwiKíbv M‡o †Zvjv; 2.3.4 Rjevqy SuywK AšÍf©y³ K‡i cwiPvjbv, iÿYv‡eÿY I eënvi wel‡q (cvwbi MyYMZ gvb cweexÿY, wm‡÷g Gi Ae¯’v wbY©q I

me©‡kl ch©v‡q gvb wbqš¿Y mn) cwievi, cvwb eënviKvix Rb‡Mvôx, WweøDGmwm, †UKwbwkqvb/‡Kqvi‡UKvi, GjwRAvB/wWwcGBPB ÷vd‡ì Rb¨ cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY wfwËK KvwiMix cÖwkÿY; 2.3.5 cvwbi mnjf¨Zv, gvb cwiexÿY Ges cwiPvjbv I eë ’vcbvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU wfwËK I wZb ¯Íi wewkó eë¯’vi ev Íevqb (cvwbi

gvb cwiexÿY Uzj wKU cÖ`vb I †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii Rb¨ e¨q Ges cwiPvjbv I cwiexÿY mnvqZv mn)| AvDUcyU 3: RxweKv I cvbxq R‡ji wbivcËvi Rjevqy SuywK AewnZ cwiKíbv cÖYqb I eë ’vcbvi Rb¨ kw³kvjx cÖvwZôvwbK mÿgZv, Ávb I wkÿv jvf 3.1 DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j †RÛvi †imcbwmf Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKvi cwiKíbv cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi mÿgZv e„w×;

3.1.1 Rjevqy SuywK Ges DcK‚jxq RxweKv cwiw¯’wZ wel‡q Dbœqb I cÖwkÿY (cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿ‡Yi aviYv); 3.1.2 †RÛvi †imcbwmf Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKvi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ges `wÿY cwðg DcK‚jxq GjvKvq ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ UzjwKU wel‡q cÖwkÿY cÖYqb (cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY G¨v‡cÖvP); 3.1.3 Ô†RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj Rjevqy cwieZ©b Awf‡hvRbÕ cÖwkÿY gwWDj I cÖavb gš¿Yvjqmg~‡ni gv‡S †RÛvi †dvKvj cvimb‡ì Rb¨ cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY cÖYqb; 3.1.4 bxwZgvjv‡Z (wcBwm, BwmGbBwm, GbwWG Dc‡`óv KwgwUi g‡Zv cwjwm †dviv‡g) †RÛvi I Rjevqy cwieZ©b wel‡qi mgšq Ki‡Z

gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq I wWWweøDGÕi Kg©x‡ì‡K cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb

3.2 `wÿY cwðg DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j cvbxq R‡ji mgm¨v mgvav‡b Rjevqy SuywK AewnZ eë ’vcbvq Rb¯^v¯’¨ I cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ß‡ii mÿgZv e„w×

3.2.1 `wÿY-cwðg DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j Rjevqy SuywK I cvbxq R‡ji Pvwn`vi wmbvwiI g‡Wwjs wel‡q cÖwkÿY cÖYqb (cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY); 3.2.2 cvwb mieiv‡ni Drm I we`¨gvb/cwiKwíZ cvwb mieivn AeKvVv‡gvi gvbwPÎvq‡bi Rb¨ AvÂwjK Z_¨fvÐvi cÖwZôv; 3.2.3 DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j Rjevqy mnbkxj mieivn eë ’v D™¢veb I bKkv cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ KvwiMwi cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ mgš‡qi wfwË‡Z Rb¯vm¯’¨ I cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ß‡ii M‡elYv I Dbœqb kvLvi KvwiMix mÿgZv e„w× (cÖwkÿY I gvV ch©v‡qi M‡elYvi gva¨‡g); 3.3 DcK‚jxq KwgDwbwUmg~‡ni `xN©‡gqv`x Awf‡hvRb ÿgZv e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ Ávb eë ’vcbv, wkLb Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb †KŠkj cÖwZôv 3.3.1 Rjevqy SuywK I ev¯Íe cwiw¯’wZ we‡kølY, Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKv I cvbxq R‡ji eë¯’v, Ges DËg PP©v I wkÿvjv‡fi g‡Zv wel‡qi

mv‡_ mswkøó Ávb, DËg PP©v, Uzjm I aviYvi wbqgbxwZ M‡o †Zvjv; 3.3.2 miKvi I KvwiMix cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni cÖwkÿY I Z_¨ gwWD‡j Ávb I Uzjm Gi mgšqKiY; 3.3.3 Rjevqy I †RÛvi welqK Ávb, Uzjm I Awf‡hvR‡bi Af¨vm msµvšÍ Z_¨ cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿bvj‡qi mv‡_ †hŠ_ Askx`vwi‡Z¡i wfwË‡Z I‡qe †cvU©vj cÖwZôv; 3.3.4 ¯‹zj I KwgDwbwU wfwËK AvPiYMZ cwieZ©b msµvšÍ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g wK‡kvi I wK‡kvix‡ì Rb¨ ÔAwf‡hvRb wkÿvÕi cwiKíbv cÖYqb I ev Íevqb; 3.3.5 cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb Kg©KvVv‡gv ev Íevqb hv‡Z AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e: (1) †eBRjvBb Rjevqy SuywK I wec`vcbœZv wbb©q (G¨vKkb GBW cÖ`Ë mnbkxjZv m~PK AšÍ©fy³ Ki‡Z n‡e); Ges (2) cÖK‡íi cÖfve cwigvc Ki‡Z cÖfve g~j¨vqb;


WKz‡g›U 7 6

I 3.3.6 Rjevqy mnbkxj RxweKv I cvbxq R‡ji eë ’vi AbyKiY I cwigv‡ci Rb¨ †iwcø‡Kkb †ivWg¨vc cÖYqb, `vZv, mswkøó

gš¿Yvjqmg~n Ges enycvwÿK †Mvôxmg~‡ni mv‡_ mgšq|

2. cÖKí GjvKv‡Z Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi Ae¯’vb

13. evsjv‡`‡ki RbmsL¨vi AwaKvskB gymwjg (91%)| Z‡e evsjv‡`‡k Ab¨vb¨ m¤úª`v‡qi Rb‡MvôxI emevm K‡i| 45 wUi I †ewk Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx (cÖvq 2.5 wgwjqb RbmsL¨v) wb‡q evsjv‡`k ms¯‹…wZMZ êwP‡Î¨ mg„×| GmKj Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi g‡aÏ ms¯‹…wZ, fvlv, ag©, HwZn¨ Ges mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK ‰ewk‡óï w`‡K w`‡q bvbv êwPÎ¨ i‡q‡Q| 14. ÿz ª b„‡Mvôx mvs¯‹…wZK cÖwZôvb wej (2010) Gi Aax‡b evsjv‡`k miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxmg~n‡K Òÿz ª b„‡MvôxÓ ev Òÿz ª RvwZmËvÓ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i‡Q| miKvi mvaviYZ evsjvq ÔDcRvwZÕ kãwU eënvi K‡i _v‡K Ges eis †`‡ki wfZ‡i Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi Dcw¯’wZi AvbyôvwbK ¯^xK…wZ †`qvi cwie‡Z© AwZ m¤úªwZ GB we‡ji mv‡_ Ôÿz ª b„‡MvôxÕ ev ÔRvwZMZ msL¨vjNyÕ K_vMywj eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| 15. evsjv‡`‡ki Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx Bs‡iwR‡Z “Indigenous People” Ges evsjvq ÒAvwèvmxÓ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ n‡Z Pvq| evsjv‡`‡k Aew¯’Z Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi mwVK msL¨v wb‡q h‡_ó weZK© i‡q‡Q| G wel‡q miKvwi cwimsL¨vb Am¤ú~Y© I cÖkœwe× Ges 2011 mv‡ji mv¤úªwZK Av`gkygvwi †_‡K †h msL¨v cvIqv hvq Zv‡Z RvwZMZfv‡e c„_K Z_¨ DcvË Dc ’vwcZ nqwb| G wel‡q me‡P‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq †idv‡iÝ c‡q›U n‡jv 1991 mv‡j AbywôZ Gi c~e©eZ©x Av`gkygvwi †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨ DcvË hv‡Z evsjv‡`‡k Avwèvmx RbmsL¨v 1.2 wgwjqb D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q hv †_‡K RbmsL¨v e„w×i nv‡ii Abycv‡Z Abygvb Kiv hvq| eZ©gvb Avwèvmx RbmsL¨v 1.5 wgwjqb| wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki GK wee„wZ‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy/Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxmg~‡ni Awacivgk© I †bUIqvwK© msMVb evsjv‡`k Avwèvmx †dvivg cÖ`Ë Z_¨ Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡k †gvU Avwèvmx RbmsL¨v 3 wgwjqb| mvwe©Kfv‡e ejv hvq †h Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU RbmsL¨vi 1-2% Gi †ewk bq| 16. evsjv‡`‡k Avwèvmx Rb‡MvôxMywji g‡a¨ me‡P‡q †ewk emevm K‡i cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡g (CHT)| Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi emwZ Av‡Q Ggb Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q PÆMÖvg, e„nËi gqgbwmsn, e„nËi ivRkvnx, e„nËi wm‡jU, cUzqvLvjx I eiMybv| evsjv‡`‡k PvKgv, Mv‡iv, gwbcyix, gvigv, gyÐv, IivIu, mvuIZvj, Lvwm, KzwK, wÎcyiv, †gªv, nvRs I ivLvBb Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx evm K‡i| DcK‚jxq AÂ‡j (Lyjbv, PÆMÖvg I ewikvj wefvM cUzqvLvjx, eiMybv, PÆMÖvg, K·evRvi, Lyjbv I mvZÿxivmn) emevmiZ cÖavb Avwèvmx‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ivLvBb, wÎcyiv, gyÐv, ey‡bv, Ges fMevwbqv| 17. G cÖK‡í evsjv‡`‡ki `wÿY cwðg AÂ‡ji ywU †Rjv‡K jÿ¨fz³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖK‡íi jÿ¨fz³ †Rjv ywU‡Z Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi

emevmZzjbvg~jKfv‡e Kg| miKvwi cwimsL¨vb Abyhvqx GLv‡b Avwèvmxi msL¨v GB AÂ‡ji †gvU Rbms¨Lvi 1% GiI Kg| GB ywU †Rjv‡Z mw¤§wjZfv‡e †gvU 579wU Avwèvmx cwievi Av‡Q| GB AÂ‡j emevmiZ Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q fvM‡eb, f‚wgRvR, av½i, Mv‡iv, †Kvj, KZ©vf‚Rv, gvnv‡Zv, gyÐv, ivLvvBb I mvuIZvj|

18. Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxmg~n KL‡bv KL‡bv Pig `wi ª n‡q _v‡K, Ges Zviv wewfbœ miKvwi KZ©„cÿ I msL¨vMwiô gymwjg Rb‡Mvôx KZ©„K m„ó êl‡gï wkKvi nq| mviwY 1 G mswkøó †hmKj Dc‡Rjv‡Z Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi emevm †mMywj‡Z †gvU cwiev‡ii msL¨v, Avwèvmx/msL¨vjNy cwiev‡ii msL¨v †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges cwiev‡ii kZKiv nvi †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| GB cÖK‡í cwiPvwjZ mgxÿv‡Z jÿ¨fz³ IqvW©Mywj‡Z kyay gyÐv cwieviMywj‡K wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cÖK‡íi jÿ¨fz³ †Rjv

cÖK‡íi jÿ¨fz³ Dc‡Rjv (†gvU BDwbq‡bi msL¨v)

cÖK‡íi jÿ¨fz³ BDwbqbMywj‡Z †gvU cwiev‡ii msL¨v

Avwèvmx/msL¨vjNy cwiev‡ii msL¨v

†gvU cwiev‡ii Abycv‡Z Avwèvmx/msL¨vjNy cwiev‡ii kZKiv nvi

mvZÿxiv k¨vgbMi 49,428 272 0.553 Avkvkywb 55,731 3 0.005

Lyjbv Kqiv 45,750 304 0.664 `v‡Kvc 32,851 0 0 cvBKMvQv 26,108 0 0

mviwY 1: Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx

2.1.1 †hmKj Abygv‡bi wfwË‡Z Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q

19. GB Kg©KvVv‡gvwU cÖYq‡bi mgq wb‡P D‡jøwLZ aviYvMywj AbywgZ n‡q‡Q:

• cÖKí cÖYq‡bi mgq Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ gy³fv‡e Ges c~e© n‡Z AewnZ m¤§wZi (FPIC) wfwË‡Z mKj cÖKvi Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv AbywôZ n‡q‡Q, Ges GB cÖwµqv wg_w¯Œqvi wfwË‡Z Pjgvb _vK‡e;

• Av‡jvPbvi mgq †Kv‡bv Avweèvmx †Mvôx GB cÖKí wel‡q †Kv‡bv AvcwË Rvbvqwb;

• cÖK‡íi †Kv‡bv Kg©KvÐ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li ev ÍyPy¨wZ NUv‡e bv;

• †Kv‡bv Kg©KvÐ myiwÿZ GjvKv ev ms‡e`bkxj ¯’v‡b cwiPvwjZ n‡e bv;


WKz‡g›U 7 7

I • hwÌ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Kvh©µg Avwèvmx‡ì gvwjKvbvaxb ev Avwèvmx KZ…©K eëüZ f‚wg‡Z M„nxZ n‡e cv‡i, Ges G‡ÿ‡Î

DcKvi‡fvMx‡ì c~Y© m¤§wZ bv cvIqv ch©šÍ †Kv‡bv Kg©KvÐ cwiPvwjZ n‡e bv;

• mKj bw_cÎ mswkøó Avwèvmx‡ì eëüZ ¯’vbxq fvlvq wjwLZ n‡e, A_ev cÖKí GjvKvq mswkøó mKj Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi wbKU †cŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ Dchy³fv‡e (†gŠwLKfv‡e h_vh_ fvlvq) Ges evsjv fvlvq Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡e|

3. Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv Kg©KvVv‡gvi cÖvwZôvwbK Av‡qvR‡bi mswÿß weeiY

20. evsjv‡`k miKvi Ges BDGbwWwc cÖwZwU Dc-cÖK‡íi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv Kg©KvÐ MÖn‡Yi c~‡e©B Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv (IPPF) g~j¨vqb Ki‡e| AvBwcwcGd cÖK‡íi Kvi‡Y m¤¢ve¨ cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK SuywKmg~n wPwýZ K‡i Ges HmKj SuywK eë¯’vcbv I AbvKvw•ÿZ mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n cÖkgb †KŠk‡ji i~c‡iLv cÖYqb K‡i| GQvovI, cÖK‡íi cÖfve Øviv ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³ hw` g‡b K‡i †h Zvi gZvgZ mwVKfv‡e †bqv nqwb †m‡ÿ‡Î Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ AvBwcwcGd G Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË †KŠkj cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

21. gvwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq AvBwcwcGd Gi Z`viwKi `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡e| BDGbwWwc gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi Aby‡gv`b MÖnY Ki‡e Ges AvBwcwcGd †hb ch©vß nq Ges Zv h_vh_fv‡e AbymiY Kiv nq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e| wcGgBD wbwðZ Ki‡e †hb mKj K›Uªv±i/GbwRI cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i cÖwZKv‡ii eë ’v MÖnY K‡i|

3.3.1 cwiPvjb

22. gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq Kg©KvÐ PjvKvjxb mg‡q GB bw_ ch©v‡jvPbv I nvjbvMv‡ì `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡e| †h e¨w³i wbKU GB bw_ †cÖiY Kiv n‡e GwU nvjbvMv` Kivi `vwqZ¡ Awc©Z n‡e Zvi Dc‡i|

23. mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ eë ’vcbv cwiKíbv Ges cÖKí ’v‡b AvBwcwcGd cwi`k©‡bi vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡e myiÿv †mBdMvW© Awdmvi I wdì Awdmvi| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq gvwmK wbixÿvi gva¨‡g GB cwi`k©b µm †PK Ki‡e|

24. K›Uªv±iMY/GbwRImg~n mKj cÖkvmwbK, cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK eë ’vcbv Kg©KvVv‡gv I AvBwcwcGd welqK †iKW© iÿYv‡eÿY I msiÿY Ki‡e hvi g‡a¨ Awf‡hvMmg~n AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e Ges GKBmv‡_ GmKj Awf‡hv‡Mi KviYmg~n n«vm Ki‡Z Kx Kx eë ’v MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q ZvÕ †iKW©fz³ _vK‡e|

25. K›Uªv±iMY/GbwRImg~n ˆ`wbK AvBwcwcGd Abymi‡Yi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡e|

26. gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e Ges ev ÍevqbKvix KZ©„cÿmg~n Ges K›Uªv±i/GbwRImg~‡ni (wWWweøDG Ges wWwcGBPB) gva¨‡g cÖKí ev¯Íevqb I AvBwcwcGd Abymi‡Yi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡e| AvBwcwcGd cÖwZwU ìcÎ WKz‡g‡›Ui Ask n‡e|

27. cÖKí eë¯’vcK K›Uªv±i/GbwRImg~‡ni Z`viwK Ki‡e Ges gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK, †RÛvi I Avwèvmx msµvšÍ welqvejx Z`viwKi `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡e|

4. Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ AvBbx I cÖvwZôvwbK Kg©KvVv‡gv

4.1 AvBb, bxwZgvjv I cÖweavb

28. evsjv‡`‡k Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨ mxwgZ msL¨K AvBb i‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki me‡P‡q †ewk Avwèvmxi evm¯’j cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôx msµvšÍ A‡bKMywj AvBb I cÖweavb i‡q‡Q| cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡g Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxmg~n‡K cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i Ggb Av‡iv A‡bK †ewk AvBb i‡q‡Q| GmKj AvB‡b Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi f‚wgi gvwjKvbv I eënvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` eënvi m¤úwK©Z ixwZbxwZi ¯xK…wZ †`qv n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q MyiyZ¡c~Y© AvBb n‡”Q cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg cÖweavb 1900| Ab¨vb¨ AvB‡bi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wnj wWw÷ª± KvDwÝj G¨v± 1989 Ges cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg AvÂwjK KvDwÝj AvBb 1998, hv 1997 mv‡j ÒkvwšÍÓ Pzw³ ¯^vÿ‡ii c‡i cvm Kiv n‡qwQj| GB kvwšÍ Pzw³i gva¨‡g Kzwo eQ‡iiI †ewk mgq a‡i Pjv mk¯¿ msNl© wbimb K‡i Ges cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi ¯kvmb eë ’vi ¯^xK…wZ I kw³kvjx Kivi GKwU Kg©KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i|

29. cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡g GmKj AvB‡bi evB‡i evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b Avwèvmx‡ì wel‡q mvaviY †idv‡iÝ e¨wZZ †`‡ki `wÿY cwðg DcK‚jxq AÂjmn Ab¨vb¨ GjvKv‡Z Avwèvmx‡ì Rb¨ Avi †Zgb †Kv‡bv AvBbx eë ’v †bB ej‡jB P‡j|

30. MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 27 avivq ejv n‡q‡Q †h mKj bvMvwiK AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mgvb Ges mK‡ji GKBiKg AvBbx myiÿv cvevi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| GQvovI, RvZxq msweav‡b RvwZ, ag© Ges Rb¥ ’v‡bi wePv‡i êlg¨ ~i Kiv n‡q‡Q (aviv 28) Ges bvMvwiK‡ì ÒAbMÖmi As‡kiÓ AbyK‚‡j BwZevPK c`‡ÿ‡ci (ÒBwZevPK êlg¨Ó) my‡hvM m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q (aviv 28 I 29)| GB weav‡bi d‡j Avwèvmx‡ì Rb¨ miKvwi Lv‡Z PvKzwi I miKvwi wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b GKwU fwZ©i †ÿ‡Î GKwU ÿz ª msL¨K Avmb msiwÿZ _v‡K|

31. msweav‡bi 23 K avivq ejv n‡q‡Q Òivóª wewfbœ DcRvwZ, ÿz ª RvwZmËv, b„‡Mvôx I m¤úª`v‡qi Abb¨ AvÂwjK ms¯‹…wZ I HwZn¨ msiÿY I weKv‡ki eë¯’v MÖnY Kwi‡eb|Ó GQvovI, 28 (4) avivq ejv n‡q‡Q, Òbvix ev wkky‡ì AbyK‚‡j wKsev bvMwiK‡ì †h †Kv‡bv AbMÖmi As‡ki AMÖMwZi Rb¨ we‡kl weavb cÖYqb nB‡Z GB Aby‡”Q‡ì †Kv‡bv wKQzB ivóª‡K wbe„Ë Kwi‡ebv|Ó


WKz‡g›U 7 8

I 32. cÖavbgš¿xi mwPevj‡qi Aax‡b miKv‡ii GKwU we‡kl wefvM i‡q‡Q hv cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi evB‡i Ae ’vbiZ Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi †`Lfvj K‡i _v‡K| GB we‡kl wefvM Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx‡K Zv‡ì Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Znwej cÖ`vb K‡i|

4.2 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx mswkøó enycvwÿK Pzw³ I cÖ‡UvKj

33. evsjv‡`k AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg ms¯’v mb` 107 Aby¯^vÿi K‡i‡Q| GB mb‡` Avwèvmx‡ì AwaKv‡ii K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| GQvovI evsjv‡`k Rxe‰ewPÎ¨ welqK mb` Aby¯^vÿi K‡i‡Q hv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q, ÒHwZnëvnx Rxebhvcb K‡i Ggb A‡bK Avwèvmx I AvÂwjK m¤úª`v‡qi ‰Re m¤ú‡ì Dc‡i wbweo I HwZnëvnx wbf©ikxjZv Ges Rxe‰ewPÎ¨ msiÿY I Gi Dcv`vbmg~‡ni †UKmB eënvi mswkøó HwZnëvnx Ávb, D™¢veb I PP©vi mydj b¨vqm½Zfv‡e †fv‡Mi AvKv•ÿvi ¯^xK„wZ cÖ`vb|Ó

34. evsjv‡`k miKvi Zvi 7g cÂevwl©Kx cwiKíbv‡Z 1) Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi AwaKvi welqK RvwZmsN †NvlYv 2007 ev Íevqb I AvBGjI mb` bs 169 Aby¯^vÿi, 2) b„‡Mvôxmg~‡ni f‚wg msµvšÍ weev` wggvsmvi Rb¨ GKwU f‚wg bxwZgvjv cÖYqb, Ges me‡k‡l 3) cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` eë¯’vcbvq ’vbxq miKvi‡K m¤ú„³Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi AvBbx myiÿv cÖ`v‡bi A½xKvi e¨³ K‡i‡Q|

5. ev¯Íevqb I cwiPvjbv

5.1 mvaviY eë ’vcbv KvVv‡gv I `vwqZ¡vejx 35. wb‡Pi wPÎ 2 G GKwU D”P ch©v‡qi w÷qvwis KwgwU KvVv‡gv †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| KwgwUi cÖavb `vwqZ¡vjx wb‡P Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q:

wPÎ 2: cÖKí cwiPvjbv KvVv‡gv

5.1.1 cÖKí †evW© I Dc-KwgwU

36. cÖKí w÷qvwis KwgwU (PSC) ev¯Íevqb Askx`vi I `vwqZ¡cÖvß cÿmg~‡ni mgš‡q MwVZ| GB cÖK‡í ev¯Íevqb Askx`vi gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq (MoWCA), †mB mv‡_ gwnjv welqK Awa`ß‡ii (DWA) Ges Rb¯ ^v¯’¨ I cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ß‡ii (DPHE) wmwbqi DcKvi‡fvMx cÖwZwbwa| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq cÖKí Kg©KvÐ, cÖK‡íi djvdj AR©b I BDGbwWwc m¤ú‡ì Kvh©Ki eënvi cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb mn cÖKí eë ’vcbvi Rb¨ BDGbwWwci wbKU `vqeÜ|

37. wcGmwm MwVZ n‡e wbgœwjwLZ e¨w³M‡Yi mgš‡q:

• cÖK‡íi gvwjKvbv I †ev‡W©i †Pqv‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb Ggb GKRb wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v (RvZxq ev Íevqb Askx`vi‡ì cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvixi f‚wgKv)| D³ wbe©vnx n‡eb mwPe c`gh©v`vi whwb gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi cÖavb wnmve Kg©KZ©v;

• GKRb wmwbqi mieivnKvix cÖwZwbwa whwb cÖK‡íi KvwiMix m¤¢ve¨Zv, `vZv ms¯’mg~‡ni kZ©vejx AbymiY, Ges cÖK‡íi m¤ú` eënvi m¤úwK©Z wbqgKvbyb wel‡q w`Kwb‡ ©kbv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| wRwmGdGB c`vwaKvi e‡j GB f‚wgKvq _vK‡e BDGbwWwc;

• gwnjv welqK Awa`ßi I Rb¯^v¯’¨ I cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ß‡ii wmwbqi DcKvi‡fvMx cÖwZwbwa whwb DcKvi‡fvMx‡ì „wó‡Kvb n‡Z cÖK‡íi myweav ev Íevqb wbwðZ Ki‡eb;

• gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq g‡bvbxZ RvZxq cÖZí cwiPvjK (NPD) whwb mvwe©K w`K wb‡ ©kbv I †KŠkjMZ w`Kwb‡ ©kbv cÖ`vb Ges mgqg‡Zv cÖKí AvDUcyU mieiv‡ni `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ _vK‡eb;


WKz‡g›U 7 9

I • Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZwbwa‡ì g‡a¨ _vK‡e ’vbxq miKvi wefvM, cjøx Dbœqb I mgevq wefvM, K…wl gš¿Yvjq, grm¨ I cÖvYxm¤ú` gš¿Yvjq,

cwi‡ek I eb gš¿Yvjq, cwiKíbv gš¿Yvjq, A_© gš¿Yvjq, ev¯Íevqb cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb wefvM, y‡h©vM eë ’vcbv I ÎvY gš¿Yvjq, weGdAviAvB, evsjv‡`k e¨vsK, b¨vkbvj †WwRM‡b‡UW A_wiwU, mÂq e¨vsK, weAviwWwe Ges mvgvwRK Dbœqb dvD‡Ûkb (GmwWGd)|

5.1.2 RvZxq cÖKí eë ’vcbv BDwbU

38. cÖKí eë¯’vcbv BDwbU (PMU) wcGmwm‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| cÖKí eë¯’vcbv BDwbU AM©vbvB‡Rbk Pv‡U© wPwýZ cÖavb f‚wgKvmg~n AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e, we‡kl K‡i RvZxq cÖKí cwiPvjK I cÖKí eë ’vc‡Ki f‚wgKv| RvZxq cÖKí cwiPvjK n‡eb gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi wmwbqi Kg©KZ©v, Ges cÖKí eë¯’vcK n‡eb BDGbwWwc KZ©„K wb‡qvMK…Z Ges wZwb RvZxq cÖKí cwiPvj‡Ki Aax‡b cÖKí ev¯Íevqb eë ’vcbvi `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡eb|

39. cÖKí eë¯’vcK cÖKí w÷qvwis KwgwU KZ©„K wba©vwiZ mxgvi g‡a¨ †_‡K ˆ`wbK ev Íevq‡bi wfwË‡Z cÖKí cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| cÖK‡í PzovšÍ Uvwg©bvj g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`b Ges wRwmGd I BDGbwWwc wba©vwiZ Ab¨vb¨ bw_cÎ cÖ¯ÍyZ I Rgv`v‡bi ci cÖKí eë¯’vc‡Ki `vwqZ¡ †kl n‡e| cÖKí eë¯’vcK cÖK‡íi ˆ`wbK eë¯’vcbv I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb| cÖKí eë¯’vc‡Ki cÖavb `vwqZ¡ n‡e cÖKí †hb wba©vwiZ Av`k© I gvb Abyhvqx Ges wba©vwiZ mgq I e¨qmxgvi g‡a¨ †_‡K cÖK‡íi bw_c‡Î cÖv°wjZ dj AR©b K‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|

40. †UKwbK¨vj I Acv‡ikbvj mv‡cvU© wUgmg~n wb‡q MwVZ cÖKí w÷qvwis BDwbU cÖK‡íi mKj Kg©m~wPi Dcv`vb cÖYqb I ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡e| wcGgBD cÖKí ev Íevqb Ki‡e GB ywU wU‡gi mnvqZv wb‡q| †UKwbK¨vj wUg †hmKj welq wb‡q KvR Ki‡e †mMywj n‡”Q: 1) Kg©m~wPi gvb`Ð wba©viY; 2) gvV ch©v‡qi ev¯ÍevqbKvix wUg Ges K›Uªv±i I GbwRImg~n‡K KvwiMix w`Kwb‡ ©kbv cÖ`vb; 3) cÖK‡íi bxwZgvjv M‡elYv, msjvc I cÖK‡íi Awacivgk© Dcv`vbmg~n ev Íevqb; 4) mvgvwRK, †RÛvi msµvšÍ GKs cwi‡ekMZ wbivcËv D‡`¨vM cwiKíbv ev Íevq‡bi w`Kwb‡ ©kbv cÖ`vb I cwiexÿY; 5) Ávb eë ’vcbv I †hvMv‡hvM Kg©KvÐ ev¯Íevqb; Ges 6) cÖK‡íi AMÖMwZ cwiexÿY Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb| Acv‡ikbm wUg cÖK‡íi Avw_©K welq, mvaviY cÖkvmb, Af¨šÍixY wbixÿv I SuywK eë¯’vbv Kg©KvÐ eë ’vcbv Ki‡e|

5.1.3 cÖKí G¨vwmD‡iÝ

41. BDGbwWwcÕi ÔcÖ‡R± G¨vwmD‡iÝÕ f‚wgKv n‡jv cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨ AR©b Ges ¯^vaxbfv‡e cÖKí Z`viwK I cwiexÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖKí w÷qvwis KwgwU‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv| GB f‚wgKv h_vh_fv‡e cÖKí eë¯’vcbvi gvBjdjK e¨¯’vcbv wba©viY I m¤ú~Y© Kiv wbwðZ K‡i| cÖ‡R± GwmD‡iÝ‡K cÖKí eë¯’vc‡Ki Aax‡b bv †_‡K ¯^vaxbfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z nq, Gi Gi d‡j w÷qvwis KwgwU Zvi †Kv‡bv GwmD‡iÝ ÿgZv cÖKí eë ’vcK‡K Ac©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GQvovI, wmwbqi mieivnKvix wn‡m‡e BDGbwWwc cÖK‡íi Rb¨ gvb wbwðZ K‡i; GbAvBGg w`K‡b‡ ©kbv AbymiY wbwðZ K‡i; Ges wRwmGd I BDGbwWwc bxwZgvjv I cÖwµqv AbymiY wbwðZ K‡i|

42. BDGbwWwcÕi GKRb Kg©m~wP Kg©KZ©v, ev GKRb cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb Kg©KZ©v, mvaviYZ BDGbwWwcÕi cÿ †_‡K cÖ‡R± G¨wmD‡i‡Ýi f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡Kb|

5.2 cÖKí †Wwjfvwi I cwiPvjbv 5.2.1 cÖKí †Wwjfvwi 43. GB cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq wewfbœ ms ’vi mv‡_ GKwU Òmg‡SvZv cÖ‡ÎÓ Ave× n‡e| BDGbwWwc wRwmGd

†_‡K cÖK‡íi Znwej msMÖn Ki‡e Ges GKwU m¤§Z Kg©cwiKíbvi wfwË‡Z gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq, gwnjv welqK Awa`ßi I Rb¯^v¯’¨ I cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ß‡ii eë ’vcbvq cÖK‡íi e¨vsK G¨vKvD‡›U ˆÎgvwmK wfwË‡Z AMÖxg eivÏ cÖ`vb Ki‡e| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq BDGbwWwci kZ©vejxi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L wbixÿv Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi mivKvwi kZ©vejx BDGbwWwc‡K mieivn Ki‡e|

44. †Rjv I Dc-‡Rjv ch©v‡q gwnjv welqK Awa`ßi Ges Rb¯^v ’¨ I cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ß‡ii Kg©KZ©vMY wcGgBD KZ©„K M„nxZ cÖKí Kg©Kv‡Ði

ˆ`wbK ev¯Íevq‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e| wWWweøDG Ges wWwcGBPB ’vbxq miKvi wefv‡Mi (LGD) mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e KvR Ki‡e| GjwRwWÕi †Rjv ch©v‡q Awdm Av‡Q †hLvb †_‡K GB cÖwZôvb ¯’vbxq miKvi Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Kg©KvÐ cwiexÿY K‡i _v‡K (LGIs)| ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi n‡jv ’vbxq miKvi wefv‡Mi cÖ‡KŠkj kvLv hv mviv‡`‡k ¯’vbxq miKvi Bbw÷wUD‡Ui cjøx I bMi AÂ‡j moK, KvjfvU©, evRvi, I ÿz ª †mP AeKvVv‡gvi g‡Zv AeKvVv‡gv Dbœqb mswkøó cÖ‡KŠkj Kg©Kv‡Ð mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| wWwcGBPB n‡jv GjwRwWÕi g~j KvwiMwi ms¯’v hv mKj ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb‡K Zv‡ì cvbxq R‡ji mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb AeKvVv‡gv msµvšÍ `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i|

45. Aviwcmg~n RvxweKvqb cÖKí I cvbxq Rj mgm¨vi mgvavb welqK Kg©KvÐ ev¯Íevq‡b AwfÁ I we‡klvwqZ h_v‡hvM¨ BwÄwbqvwis †Kv¤úvwbI

GbwRIMywji mv‡_ Pzw³‡Z Ave× n‡e| †Kv¤úvwb I GbwRI wbe©vPb Kiv n‡e †evW© KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cÖwµqv‡Z| ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvbMywj cÖK‡íi Kg©Kv‡Ði mn-eë ’vcbv I Z`viwK‡Z wbweofv‡e m¤ú„³ _vK‡e| bvix RxweKv MÖyc‡ì Rb¨ Rb¨ RxweKvqb Kg©Kv‡Ð mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv nq BDwc Kg©Pvix I bvix ’vqx KwgwUi m¤ú„³Zvi gva¨‡g| cvbxq Rj m¤úwK©Z Kg©KvÐ eë ’vcbv Kiv nq cvwbi ¯Íi I cvwb eë ’vcbv KwgwUi I BDwc ch©v‡qi IqvUmb ’vqx KwgwUmg~‡ni mn-eë ’vcbv mnvqZvi gva¨‡g| ev ÍevqbKvix K›Uªv±i I GbwRIMywj KvR Ki‡e GmKj KwgwUi ZË¡veav‡b Ges Rb¯^v¯’¨ I cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi, WweøDwWG Ges wcGgBD Gi Kg©Pvix‡ì KvwiMwi Z`viwK‡Z|


WKz‡g›U 7 10

I 5.2.2 Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqY Kg©KvVv‡gv cwiPvjbv

46. ev ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v wn‡m‡e gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq †mev cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’mg~‡ni gva¨‡g Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv Kg©KvVv‡gv ev Íevqb Ki‡e|

47. AvBwcwcGd mKj †UÛvi WKz‡g‡›Uk‡bi Ask n‡e| Kg©KvÐ ev¯ÍevqbKvjxb mg‡q GB WKz‡g›UwUi ch©v‡jvPbv ev nvjbvMv` Kivvi `vwqZ¡ _vK‡e gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi Dc‡i| Kg©cwiKíbvwU †h e¨w³i wbK‡U †cÖiY Kiv n‡e Zvi `vwqZ¡ n‡e Gi me©‡kl fvm©‡bi eënvi wbwðZ Kiv|

48. BDGbwWwc Ges gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq †mev cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vMywj‡K (†hgb K›Uªv±i I GbwRI) cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wel‡q we‡klvwqZ civgk© cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Ges cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cwiexÿY I cÖwZ‡e`b cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡e| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq ev D³ gš¿Yvjq n‡Z ÿgZvcÖvß †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb ev e¨w³ cÖK‡íi cy‡iv †gqv‡` Gi cÖwZwU As‡ki †mev cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vMywji cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cidi‡gÝ g~j¨vqb Ki‡e Ges AvBwcwcGd AbymiY wbwðZ Ki‡e| cÖKí cwiPvjbvKv‡j †mev cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vMywj AvBwcwcGd ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `vqe× _vK‡e| GB cÖK‡í Kg©iZ Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvixe„›` cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖfve †iva I n«vmKi‡Yi Rb¨ `vqe× _vK‡e|

49. wdì AwdmviMY cÖKí ¯’v‡b/wbg©vY ’v‡b ˆ`wbK cwi‡ekMZ cwi`k©‡bi Rb `vqx _vK‡eb| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq ev D³ gš¿Yvjq KZ©„K cÖ`Ë ÿgZvcÖvß †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev ms ’v cÖwZ gv‡m GKevi bxwiÿvi gva¨‡g GB cwi`k©b µm †PK Ki‡eb|

50. †mevcÖ`vbKvix ms¯’v †hgb K›Uªv±i mKj cÖkvmwbK I cwi‡ekMZ †iKW© msiÿY Ki‡e hvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e GKwU Awf‡hvM jM Ges DÌvwcZ Awfv‡hv‡Mi KviY n«vm Ki‡Z Kx eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q †m wel‡q †iKW©|

51. †mev cÖ`vbKvixi ms¯’v ‰`wbK AvBwcwcGd Abymi‡Yi Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡e|

6. ‡hvMv‡hvM

6.1 Rbmvavi‡Yi mv‡_ Avjvc civgk© I cÖKvk¨ †NvlYv 52. AvBwcwcGd G †÷K‡nvìvi m¤ú„³KiY cwiKíbvi Ask wn‡m‡e Rbmvavi‡Yi mv‡_ civgk© Kivi welqwU AšÍf©y³ n‡q‡Q| cÖKíwU wb‡q mswkøó miKvwi Awa`ßi, wkí‡Mvôx, GbwRI, Ges KwgDwbwUi wewfbœ m`m¨ mn e¨vcK ch©v‡qi †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Ges miKvi KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z nq| GQvovI, cÖK‡íi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kivi mgq (Ges Ab¨vb¨ †hmKj cÖKí‡K GB cÖK‡í DbœxZ Kivi jÿ¨ w¯’i Kiv n‡q‡Q †mKj cÖKí cwiKíbvi mgqI) e¨vcKfv‡e ZvrÿwYK civgk© MÖnY Kiv nq Ges Avkv Kiv nq †h GB cÖK‡íi cÖfve †hmKj Rb‡Mvôxi Dc‡i co‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv Pjgvb _vK‡e| KwgDwbwUi cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i GB cÖKímg~n m¤ú~Y©fv‡e M„nxZ n‡e e‡j aviYv Kiv hvq| 53. aviYv Kiv hvq cÖK‡íi Ae¯’v m¤ú‡K© †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K cÖKí m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z BDGbwWwc I gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq wbqwgZfv‡e GB cÖKíwU m¤ú‡K© nvjbvMv` cÖ¯ÍyZ I cÖKvk Ki‡e| Z_¨ nvjbvMv` wewfbœ gva¨‡g Kiv n‡e †hgb wcÖ›U, †iwWI, mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM gva¨g ev AvbyôvwbK wi‡cvU©| AbymÜvb, AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖK‡íi m¤ú~Y© †gqv‡` †hvMv‡hv‡Mi c‡q›U wn‡m‡e GKwU cÖKvwkZ †Uwj‡dvb b¤i eënvi Kiv n‡e| mKj AbymÜvb, AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf GKwU †iwR÷v‡i †iKW© Kiv n‡e Ges mswkøó g¨v‡bRvi‡K AewnZ Kiv n‡e| mKj DcKiY h_vh_fv‡e Bs‡iwR I evsjv Dfq fvlvq cÖKvk Kiv n‡e| 54. KwgDwbwU mswkøó †Kv‡bv mgm¨v ev Awf‡hvM DÌvwcZ n‡j wbgœwjwLZ Z_¨vejx †iKW© Kiv n‡e: K) AbymÜvb, AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿv‡fi mgq, ZvwiL Ges cÖK…wZ; L) †hvMv‡hv‡Mi aib (†hgb †Uwj‡dvb, wPwV, e¨w³MZfv‡e †hvMv‡hvM); M) †hvMv‡hvMKvix e¨w³i bvg, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv I †Uwj‡qvb b¤î ; N) AbymÜvb, AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿv‡fi wecix‡Z mvov`vb ev Z`šÍ; Ges O) M„nxZ c`‡ÿc Ges c`‡ÿc MÖnYKvixi bvg| 55. wKQz wKQz AbymÜvb, AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf wb®úwËi Rb¨ `xN© mgq jvM‡Z cv‡i| Kv‡RB Awf‡hvMKvix‡ì‡K Zv‡ì Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi c‡_ AMÖMwZ AewnZ Kiv n‡e| mKj AbymÜvb, AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿv‡fi wecix‡Z Z`šÍ Kiv n‡e Ges Awf‡hvMKvixi cÖwZ mgqg‡Zv mvov cÖ`vb n‡e| †hme Awf‡hvM ªyZ wb®úwË m¤¢e bq †mme Awf‡hvM wKfv‡e eë ’vcbv Ki‡Z n‡e †m wel‡q AvBwcwcGd G GKwU Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj AšÍf©y³ n‡q‡Q| 56. wbe©vwPZ wcGgBD/K›Uªv±i ÷vd mKj AbymÜvb, AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿv‡fi ch©v‡jvPbv Ges mgvav‡bi c‡_ AMÖMwZ wbwðZKi‡Yi `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡eb|

6.2 Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi I Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj

57. wbg©vY KvR cwiPvjbv ev †Kv‡bv cÖKí ev Íevqb ch©v‡q cÖK‡íi Kg©Kv‡Ði d‡j †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev †Mvôxi Dc‡i Gi cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿ wei~c cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i| cÖKí Kg©KvÐ msµvšÍ †hmKj Awf‡hvM DV‡Z cv‡i Zv DcKvi‡fvMx wn‡m‡e wbe©vwPZ nevi †hvM¨Zv I myweav cÖvc¨Zv, †mev evavMÖ¯Í nIqv, mvgwqK ev ’vqxfv‡e RxweKv nvwb NUv, Ges Ab¨vb¨v mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK mgm¨vi g‡Zv mvgvwRK


WKz‡g›U 7 11

I welq m¤úwK©Z n‡Z cv‡i| cwi‡ekMZ wel‡qI Awf‡hvM DV‡Z cv‡i †hgb AwZwiw³ a~jv m„wó, wbg©vY Kv‡Ri d‡j m„ó K¤úb RwbZ Kvi‡Y ev KuvPvgvj cwien‡bi Kvi‡Y AeKvVv‡gvi ÿwZ, kã ~lY, hvbRU, †mP cybev©vm‡bi mgq miKvwi/†emiKvwi Lv‡Zi f‚c„ô¯’ cvwb m¤ú‡ì MyYMZ gvb I cwigvY n«vm, emZevwoi evMvb I K…wó Rwgi ÿqÿwZ BZ¨vw`|

58. G ai‡bi cwiw¯’wZ †`Lv w`‡j ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³ ev †Mvôx †hb cÖK‡í Kg©KZ©v‡ì ü`¨Zvc~Y© mn‡hvMxZvi gva¨‡g GKwU `ÿ, ¯^”Q, wbi‡cÿ, mgqgvwdK I ¯í e¨q mv‡cÿ c×wZ‡Z Gi mgvavb Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ GKwU Kvh©Ki Awf‡hvM wb®úwZ †KŠkj _vK‡Z n‡e| GB D‡Ïk¨ c~iYK‡í GB cÖK‡íi AvBwcwcGd GKwU Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj AšÍf© y³ n‡q‡Q|

59. GB cÖKí Øviv msÿzä †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev †Mvôx ev GB cÖK‡íi Kg©KvÐ m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM Av‡Q Ggb †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev ‡Mvôx hv‡Z GKwU h_vh_ cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf Rvbv‡Z cv‡i GB cÖKí Zv Aby‡gv`b K‡i| AvBwcwcGd G wba©vwiZ Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi I Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj GB cÖK‡íi Ask wn‡m‡e AšÍf©y³ n‡q‡Q Ges Gi gva¨‡g †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì, we‡kl K‡i wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôx hviv AvbyôvwbK AvBbx eë ’vi AvkÖq wb‡Z cv‡i bv Zv‡ì Awf‡hv‡Mi cÖwZ mnRjf¨, ªyZ, wbi‡cÿ, I Kvh©Ki mvov`vb cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

60. A‡bK Awf‡hvM ZvrÿwYKfv‡e wb®úwË Kiv m¤¢e welqwU †g‡b wb‡q AvBwcwcGd G wba©vwiZ Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi I Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡j †Kv‡bv mgmm¨v †`Lv w`‡j Zv Dfq c‡ÿi m¤§wZ‡Z MÖnY‡hvM¨ cš’vq mgvavb Kiv‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| AvBwcwcGd G Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi I Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj wb‡gœv³ D‡Ïk¨mg~n cyiYK‡í cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q:

K. GKwU AvBbwm× cÖwµqv wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ nIqv hv †÷K‡ìvi MÖycmg~‡ni gv‡S Av¯’v ’vcb Kiv Ges Ge †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K Avk¦¯Í Kiv †h Zv‡ì Awf‡hvM ev mgm¨vejx GKwU wbi‡cÿ I ¯^”Q c×wZ‡Z g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e;

L. mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Rb¨ Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi I Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡j mij I mivmwi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv Ges hviv AZx‡Z Zv‡ì mgm¨vi K_v ej‡Z evavi m¤§~Lxb n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb;

M. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj cÖwµqvi cÖwZwU ch©v‡qi GKwU my¯úó I cwiwPZ c×wZ cÖ`vb, Ges e¨w³ I †Mvôxi †ÿ‡Î Awf‡hvM `v‡q‡ii dj Kx Kx ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i †m wel‡q ¯úó aviYv cÖ`vb;

N. wbi‡cÿ, AewnZ, Ges DÌvwcZ AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿv‡fi cÖwZ kÖ×vkxj Ggb GKwU m½wZc~Y©, AvbyôvwbK G¨v‡cÖv‡Pi gva¨‡g mKj Awf‡hvMKvix I msÿzä e¨w³ I †Mvôxi Rb¨ GKwU mvg¨ wfwËK Awf‡hvM wb®úwË eë¯’v wbwðZ Kiv;

O. msÿzä e¨w³/†Mvôx‡K Zv‡ì Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi AMÖMwZ, Awf‡hvM/†ÿvf g~j¨vq‡bi mgq †h Z_¨ eënvi Kiv n‡qwQj †m m¤ú‡K©, Ges †h †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM K‡i Zv‡ì Awf‡hvM wb®úwË Kiv n‡e †m wel‡q Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g GKwU ¯^”Q G¨v‡cÖvP cÖ‡qvM Kiv; Ges

P. cÖwZwbqZ g~j¨vqb I AwfÁZvjä wkÿvi cÖ‡qvM K‡i m¤¢ve¨ Awf‡hv‡Mi msL¨v n«vm Kivi gva¨‡g Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj‡K wkÿvjvf I gv‡bvbœq‡b mÿg Kiv|

61. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj eënv‡ii kZ©vejx:

K. Awf‡hvMKvix e¨w³/‡Mvôxi Dc‡i AbywgZ A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ †bwZevPK cÖfve, A_ev Gai‡bi cÖfve covi m¤¢vebvi Avks¼v;

L. mywbw ©ó cÖK…wZi cÖfve hv N‡U‡Q ev NUvi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q; Ges cÖKí wKfv‡e Gi~c cÖfve m„wó K‡i‡Q ev Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi e¨Lv¨; Ges

M. Awf‡hvM/†ÿvf DÌvcbKvix e¨w³/‡Mvôx ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q, ÿwZMÖ¯Í nevi SuywK‡Z Av‡Q; A_ev Awf‡hvM/†ÿvf DÌvcbKvix e¨w³/‡Mvôx m¤¢ve¨ ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q ev ÿwZMÖ¯Í nevi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q Ggb †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev †Mvôxi ¯^v‡_©i cÖwZwbwaË Kivi Rb¨ D³ e¨w³ ev †Mvôx KZ…©K Awc©Z ÿgZvcÖvß

62. ¯’vbxq KwgDwbwU I AvMÖnx Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìvi †h †Kv‡bv mg‡q gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi wbKU Zv‡ì Awf‡hvM/‡ÿvf DÌvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i| AvµvšÍ ¯’vbxq KwgDwbwU‡K Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj I wKfv‡e Awf‡hvM `v‡qj Ki‡Z n‡e †m wel‡q wb‡ ©kbv mn AvBwcwcGd Gi weavbvejx m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

6.3 Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi

63. †hLv‡b †Kv‡bv KwgDwbwU ¯v_© mswkøó mgm¨v DÌvwcZ n‡e †mLv‡b wbgœwjwLZ Z_¨vejx †iKW© Kiv n‡e:

64. wbg©vYKvjxb mg‡q KwgDwbwU KZ©„K DÌvwcZ †Kv‡bv AvcwË, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf †iKW© Kivi Rb¨ cÖK‡íi Ask wn‡m‡e Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi cÖwZôv Kiv n‡e| †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM MÖn‡Yi 24 NÈvi m‡a¨ Zv BDGbwWwc Ges gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq‡K AewnZ Kiv n‡e| M„nxZ Awf‡hvM hvPvB evQvB Kiv n‡e| Gi c‡i ~b©xwZ m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM _vK‡j BDGbwWwc Gi wbKU gšÍe¨ Ges/A_ev gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi Dc‡`‡ki Rb¨ †cÖiY Kiv n‡e|

65. hLbB m¤¢e cÖKí wUg M„nxZ Awf‡hvM hZ ªyZ m¤¢e wb®úwËi †Póv Ki‡e, Ges Gi d‡j Awf‡hv‡Mi msL¨v e„w× †c‡q hvevi m¤¢vebv Gov‡bv m¤¢e n‡e| Z‡e †hme Awf‡hvM ZvrÿwYKfv‡e wb®úwË Kiv m¤¢e bq †mMywj‡K h_vh_ cÖwµqvq wb®úwËi Rb¨ †i‡L Rgv ivLv n‡e|

66. cÖwZ Qq gv‡m cÖKvwkZ cÖwZ‡e`‡b M„nxZ Awf‡hv‡Mi mswÿß ZvwjKv Ges Awf‡hv‡Mi cÖK…wZ Aek¨B cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡e|

6.4 Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj


WKz‡g›U 7 12

I 67. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkjwU cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q G‡K †¯^”Qvg~jK kyf wek¦vm wfwËK cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g mgm¨v mgvavb †KŠkj wn‡m‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z| Z‡e Awf‡hvM wb®úwË eë¯’v AvBbx cÖwµqvi weKí bq| Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkjwU Aek¨B ev Íem¤§Z n‡e Ges G‡Z Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf wb®úwË Kiv n‡e mKj c‡ÿi wbKU mge©m¤§Zfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ kZ©vejxi wfwË‡Z| †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf DÌvc‡bi mgq mKj cÿ‡K megmq kyf wek¦v‡mi wfwË‡Z mwµqfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z n‡e Ges me©m¤§fv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ mgvavb wejw¤^Z ev evavMÖ¯Í Kiv hv‡e bv|

68. cÖK‡íi Aeva ev¯Íevqb Ges ev ÍevqbKv‡j †hme mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i †mMywji mgqg‡Zv I Kvh©Kifv‡e mgvavb wbwðZ Ki‡Z GKwU kw³kvjx Awf‡hvM wb®úwË eë ’v cÖwZôv Kiv n‡q‡Q hv cÖKí KZ©„cÿ‡K †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Awf‡hvM wb®úwË‡Z mÿgZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

69. mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ welq mswkøó mKj Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf †gŠwLKfv‡e (gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x‡ì wbKU), †dv‡b, Awf‡hvM ev· ev BDGbwWwc, gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi wbKU A_ev mswkøó wbg©vY wVKv`v‡ii wbKU wjwLZ AvKv‡i `v‡qi Kiv hv‡e| Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡ji GKwU MyiyZ¡c~Y© Ask n‡jv wcGgBD/gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq Ges wbg©vY wVKv`vi KZ©„K M„nxZ mKj Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf †iKW© Kivi Rb¨ wbR wbR cÖKí mvBU Awd‡m GKwU Awf‡hvM †iwR÷vi iÿv Kiv| mKj Awf‡hvM kÖ×v, f ªZv I ms‡e`bkxjZvi mv‡_ eë ’vcbv Ki‡Z n‡e| Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿv‡f D‡jøwLZ wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq/wcGgBD Ges wbg©vY wVKv`v‡ii GLwZqvifz³ mKj mgm¨v mgvav‡b m¤¢ve¨ mKj cÖ‡Póv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e Ggb wKQz wKQz mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i †mMywj AwaKZi RwUj Ges cÖKí ch©v‡qi †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM K‡i mgvavb Kiv m¤¢e bq| Ggb Awf‡hvMMywj‡K Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwUi wbKU †cÖiY Ki‡Z n‡e| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qj `vwqZ¡ n‡e GmKj mgm¨v GKwU h_vh_/kw³kvjx cÖwµqv‡Z mgvavb Kiv|

70. †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Ges/A_ev †Mvôx †hb Awf‡hvM `v‡qi cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g Avw_©Kfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í bv nq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj †Kv‡bv êa Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf wb®úwË‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †h †Kv‡bv hyw³m½Z e¨q wbe©vn Ki‡e| Z‡e †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf hw` h_vh_ bq e‡j cÖZxqgvb nq Zvn‡j Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î e¨q enb Kiv n‡e bv|

71. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj m¤úwK©Z Ges wKfv‡e Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf †ck Ki‡Z n‡e †m wel‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ cÖavb †÷K‡nvìvi‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z Zv MyiyZ¡c~Y© ¯’v‡b cÖPv‡ii eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|

72. wcGgBD †Z †mBdMvW© Awdmvi‡K Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡ji `vwq‡Z¡ cÖavb Kg©KZ©v wn‡m‡e wb‡qvwRZ Kiv n‡e| GB c‡ì wecix‡Z wbgœwjwLZ `vwqZ¡ (mg‡q mg‡q ms‡kvab Kiv hv‡e) _vK‡e:

K. wbg©vY kyiyi c~‡e©B mgm¨v mgvav‡b Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwU MV‡b mgšq mvab;

L. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË wel‡q wcGgBD †Z †dvKvj c‡q›U wn‡m‡e KvR Kiv Ges wcGgBD Gi Af¨šÍ‡i mgm¨v mgvav‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv;

M. MYm‡PZbZv K¨v‡¤úB‡bi gva¨‡g mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì gv‡S Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv e„w× Kiv;

N. mswkøó mKj c‡ÿi mv‡_ mgš‡qi gva¨‡g mKj Awf‡hvM wb®úwË‡Z mnvqZv cÖ`vb;

O. Awf‡hvM I Awf‡hvM wb®úwË wel‡q Z_¨ msiÿY Kiv;

P. Awf‡hvM wel‡q gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©KvÐ cwiexÿY Kiv; Ges

Q. gvwmK/‰ÎgvwmK cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Rb¨ AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv|

73. cÖK‡íi mKj Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf wb®úwËi j‡ÿ¨ GKwU yB ¯Íi wewkó Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj KvVv‡gv cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g Í‡i i‡q‡Q BDwbqb/Dc‡Rjv Ges/A_ev IqvW© ch©v‡q Awf‡hvM MÖnY| †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf (hw` _v‡K) Rvbv‡bvi wewfbœ c‡q›U m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Kiv nq Ges wcGgBD HmKj c‡q›U †_‡K wbqwgZfv‡e Awf‡hvM msMÖn I †iKW© K‡i _v‡K| Gi c‡i Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi Rb¨ mswkøó e¨w³‡ì mv‡_ mgšq Kiv| wcGgBD Gi †mBdMvW©m Awdmvi mswkøó †Rjv ch©v‡q Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi Rb¨ Kg©KvÐ mgšq Ki‡eb Ges G‡ÿ‡Î wZwb †dvKvj c‡q›U wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡eb| Awf‡hvM wb®úwË Kg©Kv‡Ð BGmGm I †RÐvi †dvKvj c‡q›UMY, GB `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ †h‡Kv‡bv Kg©KZ©v, wcGgBD Ges gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi †mBdMvW© I †RÛvi g¨v‡bRv‡ii mv‡_ mgšq Ki‡eb| GB ai‡bi eë ’v hv‡Z fwel¨‡Z Pjgvb _v‡K †mB j‡ÿ¨ ’vbxq KZ©„c‡ÿi vwqZ¡cÖvß Kg©KZ©v‡K Awf‡hvM wb®úwË wel‡q ch©vß cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

74. Awf‡hvM †gŠwLKfv‡e (gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x‡ì wbKU), †dv‡b, Awf‡hvM Ges/A_ev †ÿvf ev‡· A_ev BDGbwWwc ev gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq ev wbg©vY wVKv`v‡ii wbKU wjwLZ AvKv‡i †ck Kiv hv‡e| Z‡e hvw` †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvMKvix Zvi Awf‡hv‡Mi d‡j Zvi Dc‡i cvëv †bwZevPK cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avk¼v K‡ib Zvn‡j wZwb mivmwi wbivcËv Kg©KZ©vi wbK‡U Awf‡hvM Rvbv‡Z cv‡ib Ges wZwb †MvcbxqZv iÿvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡j Zv iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e (A_©vr BDGbwWwc, gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq ev wbg©vY wVKv`v‡ii wbKU Awf‡hvMKvixi cwiPq †Mvcb ivLv)| Ggb †ÿ‡Î wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v Awf‡hvMwU ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡eb, Awf‡hvMKvixi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb, Ges Awf‡hvMKvix m¤ú‡K© †MvcbxqZv eRvq †i‡L wKfv‡e cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKvix e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvbmg~n‡K m‡e©vrK…ó Dcv‡q m¤ú„³ Kiv hvq †mwU wba©viY Ki‡eb|

75. Awf‡hvM MÖn‡Yi ci wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v GKwU ¯^xK…wZ cÎ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| †dvKvj c‡q›U whwb Awf‡hvM MÖnY Ki‡eb wZwb M„nxZ Awf‡hvM I Awf‡hvMKvix m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡qvRbxq †gŠwjK wKQ y Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡eb Ges Ges wcGgBD †Z Awej‡¤ wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v‡K AewnZ Ki‡eb|

76. mswkøó wcGgBD IqvW© ch©v‡q GKwU Awf‡hvM/†ÿvf †iwR÷vi iÿv Ki‡e (Ges †mBmv‡_ BDwbqb/ Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q cÖvmw½K Z_¨ †iKW© K‡i)| wewfbœ cÖwZôvb †_‡K msM„nxZ Z‡_ï †iKW© ivLv wcGgBD Gi `vwqZ¡|

77. †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM ev †ÿvf †iwR÷v‡i †iKW© Kivi ci wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v M„nxZ Awf‡hvM/‡ÿvf m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e co‡eb Ges DËi †èvi ZvwiL I Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi ZvwiL D‡jøLc~e©K Awf‡hvMwU mswkøó Kg©KZ©vi wbKU †cÖiY Ki‡eb| wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v msÿzä


WKz‡g›U 7 13

I e¨w³ ev AwfhvMKvixi mv‡_ wgwUs Ki‡eb Ges M„nxZ Awf‡hv‡Mi mgvav‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡eb| mgm¨v mgvavb I I Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi Rb¨ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Awf‡hvMKvix e¨w³ I mswkøó Kg©KZ©vi mv‡_ wgwUs Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e| wgwUs G Av‡jvwPZ welq I wm×všÍ †iKW© Ki‡Z n‡e| Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwUi wgwUs mn Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj msµvšÍ mKj wgwUs Gi †iKW© ivL‡Z n‡e| Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi mv‡_ mswkøó wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v G msµvšÍ mKj Kg©Kv‡Ði mv‡_ mwµqfv‡e m¤ú„³ _vK‡eb|

78. wbgœwjwLZ welqMywji mv‡_ mswkøó Awf‡hvM e¨wZZ mKj Awf‡hvM Z`viwKi Rb¨ cÖ_g av‡ci Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwU MVb Kiv n‡e:

K. AwaMÖnYK…Z Rwgi ÿwZc~iY

L. cÖ‡KŠkj/KvwiMix welq msµvšÍ Awf‡hvM

M. Av`vj‡Z AwggvswmZ †Kv‡bv gvgjv

79. cÖK‡íi DcKvi‡fvMx‡ì g‡a¨ wKQz msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôx (wn› y m¤úª`v‡qi cwievi Ges gyÐv m¤úª`v‡qi g‡Zv Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx mn) mgv‡R cÖvwšÍK Ae¯’v‡b _vKvi Kvi‡Y cÖK‡íi myweav jv‡fi †ÿ‡Î I wRAviGg Gi †ÿ‡Î êl‡gï wkKvi n‡Z cv‡i| Kv‡RB wcGgBD Gi wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v‡K mvgvwRK Ae‡njv/Ø›Ø-ms‡e`bkxjZv wel‡q cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

80. cÖ_g av‡ci Awf‡hvM wb®úwË cÖwµqv mvaviYZ 15 w`‡bi g‡a¨ †kl Kiv n‡e Ges/A_ev Awf‡hv‡Mi cÖwZ cÖ¯ÍvweZ mvov`vb m¤ú‡K© GKwU ÔwWm‡K¬vRvi digÕ Gi gva¨‡g AewnZ Kiv n‡e| Awf‡hvM wb®úwË Kiv n‡e Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡ji kZ©vejx AbymiY K‡i Ges GwU Ki‡Z n‡e hZUv m¤¢e ev Íem¤§Zfv‡e AbvbyôvwbK cÖwµqv‡Z mKj c‡ÿi kyf wek¦v‡mi wfwË‡Z| GQvovI, Awf‡hvM wb®úwË ‡KŠk‡j h_vm¤¢e ev Íem¤§Zfv‡e mKj c‡ÿi wbKU MÖnY‡hvM¨ wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

81. hw` D³ mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ Awf‡hvMKvixi mš‘ywó AR©‡bi gva¨‡g Awf‡hvM wb®úwË Kiv m¤¢e bv nq, Zvn‡j Awf‡hvMwU Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡ji cieZ©x av‡c †cÖiY Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e, hw` mvgvwRK wbivcËv Ges †RÛvi Kg©KZ©v g‡b Ki‡b †h Awf‡hvMwU cieZ©x 5 w`‡bi g‡a¨ wb®úwË Kiv m¤¢e, Zvn‡j D³ Kg©KZ©v Awf‡hvMwU‡K Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡ji cÖ_g av‡c †i‡L Ges Awf‡hvMKvix‡K h_vh_fv‡e AewnZ K‡i welqwUi mgvavb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wKšÍy, Awf‡hvMKvix hw` welqwU‡K Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡ji cieZ©x av‡c †cÖiY Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva K‡ib Zvn‡j Zv Aek¨B cieZ©x av‡c †cÖiY Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î hw` M„nxZ Awf‡hvM 20 Kvh©wè‡mi g‡a¨ wb®úwËi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv bv nq, Zvn‡j †mwU cieZ©x av‡c P‡j hv‡e|

82. ~b©xwZ ev †Kv‡bv cÖKvi A‰bwZK PP©vi Awf‡hvM DV‡j welqwU Awej‡¯^ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii gš¿xcwil` wefv‡M (A_ev Awf‡hvM wb®úwË mswkøó RvZxq ch©v‡qi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv KZ©„c‡ÿi wbKU †cÖiY Ki‡Z n‡e) Ges wbD Bq‡K© Aew¯’Z BDGbwWwcÕi wbixÿv I Z`šÍ Awd‡m †cÖiY Ki‡Z n‡e|

83. wØZxq av‡ci Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË Ki‡e †Rjv ch©v‡q MwVZ Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwU| Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË KwgwU wbgœwjwLZ e¨w³e‡M©i mgš‡q MwVZ n‡e:

84. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwUi KvVv‡gv:

K. Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v - †Pqvig¨vb

L. mswkøó BDwbqb cwil‡ì †Pqvig¨vb (ibid)

M. †Rjv gwnjv welqK Kg©KZ©v KZ©„K g‡bvbxZ mswkøó GjvKv‡Z Kg©iZ †emiKvwi ms¯’v/mykxj mgvR wfwËK msMV‡bi cÖwZwbwa

N. gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi †Rjv cÖavb

O. Dc‡Rjv cwil‡ì fvBm †Pqvig¨vb (gwnjv)

P. Dc‡Rjv mgvRKj¨vY Kg©KZ©v, Ges

Q. wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v

85. cÖwZwU †Rjv‡Z KwgwU MV‡bi Rb¨ wcGgBD Gi wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v ¯’vbxq ch©v‡qi miKvwi KZ©„cÿmg~‡ni mv‡_ mgšq mvab Ki‡eb, Ges mswkøó wel‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq cwicÎ I †bvwUk Rvwi Kiv wbwðZ Ki‡eb hv‡Z cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i mKj‡K mgqg‡Zv wgwUs Gi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Kiv m¤¢e nq|

86. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwUi `vwqZ¡ I kZ©vejx wbgœi~c:

K. ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³eM©‡K mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ mnvqZv cÖ`vb;

L. Awf‡hv‡Mi AMÖvwaKvi wba©viY I h_vm¤¢e ªyZ Awf‡hvM wb®úwË;

M. MyiyZi †Kv‡bv wel‡qi †ÿ‡Î wcGgBD Ges wek¦ ¯^v ’¨ ms ’v (WweøDGBPI) †K hZ ªyZ m¤¢e Z_¨ cÖ`vb;

N. msÿzä e¨w³i/†Mvôxi mv‡_ mgšq Kiv Ges Zvi mgm¨v mgvavb wel‡q mgqg‡Zv h_vh_ Z_¨ msMÖn;

O. ¯vfvweKfv‡e D™¢zZ Awf‡hvM wb‡q covkybv Kiv Ges fwel¨‡Z Av‡iv Awf‡hvM Gov‡Z Kx ai‡bi cÖwZKvig~jK eë ’v MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †m wel‡q wcGgBD Ges RvZxq I †Rjv ch©v‡qi w÷qvwis KwgwU‡K civgk© cÖ`vb|

87. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwU msÿzä e¨w³/Awf‡hvMKvix I mswkøó Kg©KZ©vi mv‡_ wgwUs Av‡qvRb Ki‡e Ges mKj ch©v‡q MÖnY‡hvM¨ GKwU mgvav‡bi †ei Kivi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡e| Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwUi Zvi mKj wgwUs Gi Kvh©weeibx †iKW© Ki‡e|

88. Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwU cÖ¯ÍvweZ mgvavb m¤ú‡K© Awf‡hvMKvix‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e AewnZ Ki‡eb| hw` Awf‡hvMKvix cÖ¯ÍvweZ mgvav‡b mšÍyó _v‡Kb Zvn‡j GwU ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Awf‡hvMwU wb®úwËi gva¨‡g mgvß Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e †h‡ÿ‡Î cÖ¯ÍvweZ mgvavb


WKz‡g›U 7 14

I Awf‡hvMKvixi wbKU m‡šÍvlRbK g‡b n‡e bv †m‡ÿ‡Î KwgwU Awf‡hvMKvixi evKx Awf‡hv‡M ~i Kivi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ¯ÍvweZ mgvavb ms‡kvab Ki‡Z cvi‡e, A_ev Awf‡hvMKvix‡K Rvwb‡q w`‡Z cvi‡e †h Awf‡hvM wb®úwË KwgwUi c‡ÿ Gi evB‡i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mgvavb †`qv m¤¢e bq| Awf‡hvMKvix hw` Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠk‡ji wZb ¯Í‡ii mgvav‡b mšÍyó bv _v‡Kb Zvn‡j wZwb AvBbx c`‡ÿc ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

89. cÖKí A_ev RvZxq ch©v‡qi Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj QvovI †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvMKvix Awf‡hvM wb¯úwË eë¯’vi kZ©vejx AbymiY K‡i BDGbwWwcÕi Revew`wnZv †KŠk‡ji AvkÖq wb‡Z cv‡ib| BDGbwWwcÕi gvb`Ð, w¯Œwbs cÖvwµqv ev BDGbwWwcÕi Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ A½xKvi ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡”Q bv Ges Gi d‡j RbmvaviY ev cwi‡e‡ki ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i GB g‡g© †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM _vK‡j †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ GbfvBib‡g›Uvj Kgcøv‡qÝ BDwbU G wel‡q Z`šÍ K‡i _v‡K| †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ GbfvBib‡g›Uvj Kgcøv‡qÝ BDwb‡U Aew¯’Z wbixÿv I AbymÜvb Awd‡m, Ges Gi `vwq‡Z¡ Av‡Qb wjW Kgcøv‡qÝ Awdmvi| BDGbwWwcÕi †Kv‡bv Kg©m~wP ev cÖK‡íi cÖfve wb‡q †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev KwgDwbwUi hw` †Kv‡bv AvcwË _v‡K Zvn‡j Zviv PvB‡j Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD Gi my‡hvM wb‡Z cv‡ib| †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ GbfvBib‡g›Uvj Kgcøv‡qÝ BDwbU ¯’vbxqfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wbKU n‡Z M„nxZ h_vh_ Aby‡iv‡ai †cÖwÿ‡Z ¯^vaxb I wbi‡cÿfv‡e Z`šÍ Kivi Rb¨ Ges Z`‡šÍi djvdj I mycvwik cÖKv‡k¨ wi‡cvU© Kivi Rb¨ ÿgZvcÖvß|

90. †÷K‡nvìvi mvov`vb †KŠkj BDGbwWwcÕi †Kv‡bv cÖKí ev Kg©m~wPi mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve m¤úwK©Z Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi Rb¨ ¯’vbxqfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ KvR Kivi my‡hvM cÖ`vb K‡i| †÷K‡nvìvi mvov`vb †KŠk‡ji D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv ^cÖ‡Yvw`Z †÷K‡nvìvi m¤ú„³Zvq m¤ú~iK wn‡m‡e KvR Kiv A_©vr m¤ú~Y© cÖKí †gqv‡ì wewfbœ ch©v‡q †÷K‡nvìvi m¤ú„³Zv BDGbwWwc I Gi ev¯ÍevqbKvix Askx`vix ms¯’vmg~‡ni GKwU MyiyZ¡c~Y© kZ©| KwgDwbwU I e¨w³eM© hw` †Kv‡bv mgvav‡b (G‡ÿ‡Î cÖKí ch©v‡qi Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj) mšÍyó bv _v‡K Zvn‡j cÖKí eë¯’vcbv I gvb wbwðZKi‡Yi Av`k© P¨v‡bj AbymiY mv‡c‡ÿ †÷K‡nvìvi mvov`vb †KŠk‡ji AvkÖq †bqvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡i| hLb GKwU Av`k© †÷K‡nvìvi mvov`vb †KŠk‡ji Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kiv n‡e ZLb Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi Rb¨ mswkøó †`‡ki, AvÂwjK I mì `dZ‡ii BDGbwWwc †dvKvj c‡q›U mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi I ev ÍevqbKvix Askx`vi‡ì mv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| G wel‡q Av‡iv we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ www.undp.org/secu-srm ªóe¨| AvBwcwcGd Gi †k‡l G wel‡q cÖ‡qvRbx digMywj mshy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

7. cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb

91. cÖKí ev¯ÍevqbKv‡j gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq BDGbwWwc I wRwmGd †K AvBwcwcGj cÖ‡qv‡Mi wel‡q wbqwgZfv‡e nvjbvMvK…` Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq †h †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxq cwiKíbv ev¯Íevqb m¤ú‡K© lvb¥vwmK cwiexÿY cÖwZ‡e`b cÖ¯ÍyZ Ki‡Z Ges BDGbwWwc I wRwmGd Gi wbKU †ck Ki‡e| gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq I wbivcËv Kg©KZ©v BDGbwWwcÕi mnvqZvq AvBwcwcGd ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU cwiexÿY eë ’v cÖwZôv Ki‡e| Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi mgq GKMy”Q cwiexÿY m~PK Ges wKfv‡e cwiexÿY Z_¨-DcvË msMÖn Kiv n‡e Zv wba©viY Kiv n‡e|

92. AvBwcwcGd ev¯Íevq‡bi kZ©evjx AbymiY lvb¥vwmK wfwË‡Z g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ mivmwi BDGbwWwc GKRb ^Zš¿ cwiexÿY wb‡qvM Ki‡e|¯^Zš¿ cwiexÿK AvBwcwcGd cÖ‡qvM‡i kZ©vejx AbymiYI g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

8. Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv Kg©KvVv‡gv ev¯Íevq‡bi ev‡RU

93. Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gv/Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv ev Íevqb msµvšÍ mKj e¨q cÖK‡íi mvwe©K ev‡R‡U AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv‡Z GKwU wek` AbywgZ e¨q I Kg©KvÐ cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡_©i Drm m¤ú‡K© aviYv AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e| Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv Kg©KvVv‡gv I Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbvi Aeva ev Íevqb wbwðZ Ki‡Z gwnjv I wkky welqK gš¿Yvjq I BDGbwWwc mgqg‡Zv GKwU ev‡RU cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

http://www.undp.org/secu-srm


WKz‡g›U 7 15

I

mshyw³ 1: Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbvi i~c‡iLv

Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi Dc‡i cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i Ggb mKj cÖK‡íi Rb¨ GKwU Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi Dc‡i cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfv‡ei MyiyZ¡ Abyhvqx GB cwiKíbvi we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ I Gi me©vZ¥KZv h‡_vchy³ n‡Z n‡e| GB i~c‡iLvq GKwU Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi w`Kwb‡ ©kbv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, hwÌ GLv‡b cÖ`Ë µg AbymiY Kiv Riywi bq|

Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbvi wbe©vnx mvims‡ÿc

GB As‡k MyiyZ¡c~Y© welqevjx, MyiZ¡c~Y© djvdj, Ges mycvwikK…Z Kg©Kv‡Ði weeiY _vK‡e|

cÖK‡íi eY©bv

GB As‡k cÖK‡íi mvaviY eY©bv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| GQvovI GLv‡b cÖK‡íi wewfbœ Ask Ges Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi Dc‡i cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i Ggb Kg©KvÐ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv _vK‡e; Ges G‡Z cÖK‡íi GjvKv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

mvgvwRK cÖfve wbi~cY

G Aa¨v‡q _vK‡e:

K. cÖK‡íi †cÖÿvc‡U Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ AvBbMZ I cÖvwZôvwbK Kg©KvVv‡gv ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i;

L. AvµvšÍ Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi RbwgwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK Ges ivR‰bwZK êwkó¨ m¤ú‡K©; †h f‚wg Zviv HwZn¨MZfv‡e eënvi K‡i Avm‡Q ev cÖ_vMZfv‡e Zv‡ì `L‡j i‡q‡Q; Ges †h cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡ì Dc‡i Zviv wbf©i K‡i †m m¤ú‡K© †eBRjvBb Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i;

M. cÖavb †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K wPwýZ K‡i Ges ch©‡jvPbv I †eBmjvBb Z_¨ we‡ePbvq †i‡L cÖKí cwiKíbv cÖYqb I ev Íevq‡bi mKj ch©v‡q Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ A_©c~Y© Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ ms¯‹…wZMZfv‡e h_vh_ I †RÛvi-ms‡e`bkxj c×wZ m¤ú‡K© we ÍvwiZ weeiY cÖ`vb K‡i;

N. AvµvšÍ Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ A_©c~Y© Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi wfwË‡Z cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve¨ BwZevPK I †bwZevPK I wei~c cÖfve wbi~cY K‡i| Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi we‡kl cwiw ’wZ Ges f‚wg I cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡ì mv‡_ Zv‡ì wbweo m¤úK© Ges Ab¨vb¨‡ì Zzjbvq KwgDwbwU, AvÂwjK I RvZxq ch©v‡q wewfbœ my‡hvM myweavq mgv‡Ri Ab¨vb¨‡ì Zv‡ì mxwgZ cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi †cÖwÿ‡Z ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi wec`vcbœZv I SuywKmg~‡ni †RÛvi-ms‡e`bkxj we‡kølY Zv‡ì Dc‡i m¤¢ve¨ MyiyZi wei~c cÖfve wbi~c‡Yi GKwU MyiyZ¡c~Y© w`K;

O. cÖKí Ges Zv‡ì mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK, Ges mvs¯‹…wZK Ae ’v‡bi Dc‡i Gi cÖfve m¤ú‡K© ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi aviYv AšÍf©y³ K‡i; Ges

P. ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ A_©c~Y© Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi wfwË‡Z cÖK‡íi wei~c cÖfve Gov‡Z Ges cÖK‡íi Aax‡b G ai‡bi Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôx ms¯‹…wZMZfv‡e h_vh_ myweav cvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc wPwýZ I mycvwik K‡i, ev hw` cÖfve Gov‡bvi g‡Zv MÖnY m¤¢e bv nq Zvn‡j cÖfve n«vm I cÖkg‡b c`‡ÿc wPwýZ K‡i, Ges/A_ev G ai‡bi cÖfv‡ei Rb¨ ÿwZc~iY wPwýZ K‡i |

Z_¨ cÖKvk, Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv I AskMÖnY

GB Aa¨v‡q:

K. cÖKí cÖ ÍywZKv‡j ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi wbKU Z_¨ cÖKvk, Zv‡ì mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv Ges Zv‡ì AskMÖnY cÖwµqv AbymiY Kiv n‡e eY©bv K‡i;

L. mvgvwRK cÖfve wbi~c‡Yi djvd‡ji mswÿß weeiY cÖ`vb K‡i Ges Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi mgq DÌvwcZ Awf‡hvM ev AvcwËmg~n wPwýZ K‡i Ges cÖKí bKkvq GMywj mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Kx mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv wPwýZ K‡i;

M. †hmKj cÖKí Kg©Kv‡Ð eo ai‡bi KwgDwbwU m¤ú„³Ki‡Yi welq i‡q‡Q †mmKj †ÿ‡Î ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi c×wZ I djvdj Ges GB ai‡bi Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi d‡j †Kv‡bv PzwË ¯vÿ‡ii cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †m welq Ges cÖKí Kg©Kv‡Ði cÖfve wbim‡b †Kv‡bv wbivcËv eë ’v MÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †m welq‡K bw_fz³ K‡i;


WKz‡g›U 7 16

I N. cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi mgq Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv I AskMÖnY †KŠkj eY©bv K‡i; Ges

O. ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi wbKU bw_i Lmov I PzovšÍ bw_ cÖKvk wbwðZ K‡i|

myweav cÖ`v‡bi D‡`¨vMmg~n

Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôx hv‡Z ms¯‹…wZMZfv‡e h‡_vchy³ I †RÛvi-‡imcbwmf myweav MÖnY K‡i Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †hmKj c`‡ÿc MÖnY cÖ‡qvRb GB Aa¨v‡q Zv mywbw ©ófv‡e D‡jøL K‡i;

cÖkgbg~jK c`‡ÿc

cÖwZwU Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi Dc‡i cÖK‡íi wei~c cÖfve Gov‡Z †h mKj c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv n‡e GB Aa¨vq Zv wbw ©ó K‡i; Ges †h‡ÿ‡Î cÖfve Gov‡bv Am¤¢ †mÿ‡Î cÖfv‡ei m¤¢vebv n«vm, cÖfve cÖkgb I ÿwZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ Kx c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wbw ©ó K‡i|

mÿgZv e„w×

GB Aa¨vq cÖKí GjvKv‡Z Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôx m¤úwK©Z mgm¨vejx mgvavb Ki‡Z (K) miKvwi cÖwZôv‡bi mÿgZv e„w× Ki‡Z †h mKj c`‡ÿ MÖnY cÖ‡qvRb Zv wbw ©ó K‡i; Ges (L) Av‡iv Kvh©Kifv‡e ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Kivi cÖKí GjKvi Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi msMVbmg~‡ni mÿgZv e„w×i Rb¨ Kx c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Zv wbw ©ó K‡i;

Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj

GB Aa¨vq ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi Awf‡hvM wb®úwË cÖwµqv eY©bv K‡i| GQvovI, GB Aa¨vq Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi wKfv‡e D³ cÖwµqv myweav MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges GwU ms¯‹„wZMZfv‡e KZUv h‡_vchy³ I †RÛvi-‡imcbwmf n‡e †m welqwUI e¨Lv¨ K‡i| Z‡e, Abygvb Kiv hvq †h G‡Z Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kg©KvVv‡gvi Aax‡b cÖwZwôZ Awf‡hvM wb®úwË †KŠkj eënvi Kiv n‡e|

cwiexÿY, wi‡cvwU©s I g~j¨vqb

GB Aa¨vq Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbv ev Íevqb cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b cÖK‡íi Rb¨ Dchy³ †KŠkj I †eÂgvK©mg~n eY©bv K‡i| GQvovI, GB Aa¨vq cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`b cÖ ÍyZ I hvPvB cÖwµqv‡Z ÿwZMÖ Í Avwèvmx/RvwZMZ msL¨vjNy Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq eë ’v wbw ©ó K‡i|

cÖvwZôvwbK Av‡qvRb

GB Aa¨vq Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbvq wb‡ ©wkZ wewfbœ c`‡ÿc ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK Av‡qvRb, `vwqZ¡ I †KŠkjmg~n eY©bv K‡i| GQvovI, GB Aa¨vq Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbvq wb‡ ©wkZ wewfbœ c`‡ÿc ev Íevq‡b ’vbxq cÖwZôvb Ges/A_ev GbwRImg~n‡K m¤ú„³Ki‡Yi cÖwµqv eY©bv K‡i|

ev‡RU I A_©vqb

GB Aa¨vq Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi cwiKíbvq ewY©Z mKj Kg©Kv‡Ði AvB‡Ug Abyhvqx ev‡RU cÖ`vb K‡i|


WKz‡g›U 7 17

I

mshyw³ `yB: Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ civgk©

Avwèvmx Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ civgk©, Ryb 1 I 3:

gyÐv m¤úª`vq Lyjbv I mvZÿxiv †Rjvi `wÿY Ask Ges my›ìe‡bi wbKUeZ©x GjvKvq emevmKvix Avwèvmx Rb‡MvôxMywji GKwU| HwZn¨MZfv‡e GB Rb‡Mvôx RxweKvi Rb¨ Av‡kcv‡ki cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek I Gi m¤ú‡ì Dci wbf©i K‡i| Zv‡ì Aw ÍZ¡ wbf©i K‡i g~jZ K…wli Dc‡i, wKšÍy Avev`‡hvM¨ Rwgi Afve, jeYv³Zvi Kvi‡Y Rwgi Drcv`bkxjZv n«vm, cvbxq R‡ji y®úÖvc¨Zv, Kv‡Ri my‡hv‡Mi Afve, Ges wewfbœ cÖvK…wZK y‡h©v‡M Zv‡ì Rxeb RxweKv AvµvšÍ n‡”Q| Ryb gv‡mi 1 Zvwi‡L mvZÿxiv †Rjvi k¨vgcyi Dc‡Rjvi eyywo‡Mvqvwjbx BDwbq‡bi eywo‡Mvqvwjbx gyÐvcvov‡Z Ges 3 Ryb Lyjbv †Rjvi Kqiv Dc‡Rjvi DËi †e`Kvwk BDwbq‡bi eoevwo gyÐvcvovq civgk© mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| G‡Z †gvU AskMÖnYKvix wQj 41 Rb hvi g‡a¨ 22 Rb wQj cyiyl I 19 Rb wQj bvix|

GB civgk© mfvq wPwýZ g~j wec`vcbœZv/mgm¨vmg~n wb‡P Zz‡j aiv n‡jv:

• wbivc` cvbxq R‡ji myweav n«vm- N~wY©So AvBjv‡Z cvbxq R‡ji †ewkifvM AeKvVv‡gv ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡q‡Q Ges f‚c„ô¯’ cvwbi mKj Drm ~wlZ n‡q wM‡q‡Q| †ewkifvM RvqMv‡Z f‚Mf©¯’ cvwbi AMfxi I Mfxi ¯Í‡i jeYv³Zvi Kvi‡Y bjK‚cMywj KvR K‡i bv hvi d‡j †ewkifvM gvbyl cvb Kivi Rb¨ I ivbœvi Kv‡R f‚c„ô¯’ cvwb eënvi K‡i| †h‡nZz gyÐv m¤úª`v‡qi bvixiv cÖ_vMZfv‡e cvwb msMÖ‡ni `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i _v‡K Ges Zv‡ì‡K Zv‡ì emZevox †_‡K A‡bK ~‡ii cvwbi Drm n‡Z cvwb msMÖn Ki‡Z nq, Zv‡ì Rb¨ Kv‡Ri fvi Av‡iv †e‡o wM‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv GjvKv‡Z Zv‡ì‡K wgVv cvwb †c‡Z 3 wK‡jvwgUv‡iiI †ewk ~i‡Z¡ †h‡Z nq|

• Kv‡Ri my‡hv‡Mi Afve- gyÐv m¤úª`v‡qi g~j RxweKvi Drm wkKvi I K…wl| cieZ©x‡Z wPswo Pvl m¤úªmvi‡Yi d‡j Zv‡ì Rwg cÖfvekvjx‡ì `L‡j P‡j hvq hvi d‡j K…wl Rwg wPswoi Lvgv‡i cwiYZ nq Ges Zviv RxweKvi Rb¨ Gi Dc‡i wbf©kxj n‡q c‡o| wPswo Pvl m¤úªmvi‡Yi d‡j Zv‡ì Rb¨ Kv‡Ri my‡hv‡Mi Afve †`Lv †`q|

• Lv`¨ wbivcËvi Afve- DcK‚jxq AÂ‡ji jeYv³Zvi Kvi‡Y kyay avb Drcv`bB n«vm cvqwb eis jeYv³Zv AvµvšÍ f‚wg‡Z e‡iv I Mg Pv‡li m¤¢vebvI n«vm †c‡q‡Q| Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y mKj †gŠmy‡gB †m‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb nq| cwi‡e‡ki Aebqb Rjevqyi cwieZ©b NUvq Ges cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ cÖwZK‚j wPswo Pv‡li m¤úªmvi‡Yi d‡j Lv`¨ Drcv`‡bi êwPÎ¨ I cwigvY n«vm †c‡q‡Q hv wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôx‡K Pig y ©kv I `vwi‡ ªï cÖv‡šÍ †V‡j w`‡q‡Q Ges G‡Z A‡b‡KB Ab¨ AÂ‡j AwffvwmZ n‡q †h‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q|

• ¯^v ’¨ SuywK- gyÐv m¤úª`vq jeYv³ cvwbi wPswo Lvgvi Øviv cwi‡ewóZ| †hme bvixiv gv‡Qi †cvbv msMÖ‡ni Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Zv‡ì‡K `xN© mgq a‡i jeYv³ cvwbi ms¯ú‡k© _vK‡Z nq| Gi d‡j Zviv D”P i³Pvc, R¡i, nv‡oi e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v BZ¨vw` bvbv cÖKvi ¯^v ’¨ mgm¨vq †fv‡M| GQvovI, weky× cvbxq R‡ji Afv‡ei d‡j gyÐv Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ UvBd‡qW, K‡jiv I Wvqwiqvi g‡Zv cvwb evwnZ †iv‡Mi cÖv yf©ve NU‡Q| wbgœgv‡bi cÖRbb ¯^v ’¨ †mevi d‡j AwbqwgZ gvwmK, wbgœ IR‡bi wkkyi Rb¥ I kvixwiK cÖwZeÜx wkkyi R‡b¥i g‡Zv mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡”Q|

• cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡` cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii A¯^xK…wZ- cÖ_vMZfv‡e gyÐv m¤úª`vq R¡vjvbxi Rb¨ KvV I emZevwo‡Z eënv‡ii Rb¨ cvwb msMÖn K‡i _v‡K| gyÐv‡ì‡K eb †_‡K KvV I b`x †_‡K cvwb msMÖ‡ni AbygwZ †`qv nq bv (cvk ev cviwgU msMÖ‡ni AbygwZ cvq bv) hvi c‡j Zv‡ì GB KvR Av‡iv Kómva¨ I mgqmv‡cÿ n‡q c‡o| G‡Z †g‡q‡ì ¯‹z‡j hvevi mvg_©¨ evavMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i KviY Zv‡ì‡K M„nv¯’jxi Kv‡R Av‡iv †ewk mgq e¨q Ki‡Z nq| mvaviYZ †`Lv hvq †h f‚wgi g‡Zv m¤ú‡ì gvwjKvbvi Afve Ges me©mvavi‡Yi m¤úwË‡Z ev Mf‡b©Ý cÖwµqv‡Z cÖ‡ekvwaKvi bv _vKv‡Z Zv‡ì wec`vcbœZv Av‡iv e„w× cvq|

• ¯^v ’¨‡mev myweavq cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi Afve- KwgDwbwU †_‡K ¯v ’¨‡K‡› ªi ~iZ¡ ¯^v¯’¨‡mevq cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi Afve n«vm K‡i| y‡h©v‡Mi c~‡e© I c‡i gyÐv KwgDwbwU‡Z †Kv‡bv ¯^v ’¨Kg©x hvq bv| GQvovI, cywói cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZvi Afve I AcywóKi Lv`¨vf¨v‡mi d‡j Avwèvmx bvixiv ye ©jZv, i³k~Y¨Zv, I bvbv cÖKvi †ivM e¨wa‡Z †fv‡M| mwVK Áv‡bi Afv‡e Amy¯’ n‡j Zviv Ilya Lvevi cwie‡Z© SvoduyK I g‡š¿i AvkÖq †bq|

• y‡h©vM eë ’vcbv KwgwU‡Z (DMC) AskMÖn‡Yi Afve- hvwÌ cÖvwšÍK I SuywKMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi 5% Gi AskMÖn‡Yi weavb i‡q‡Q, wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqv‡Z Zv‡ì AskMÖnY mxwgZ KviY Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v KZ©„K Av‡qvwRZ Dbœqb mfv‡Z mvaviYZ Zv‡ì‡K AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv nq bv| Zv‡ì A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’vi Kvi‡YB g~jZ A_©‰bwZK cwiKíbv cÖYqb I y‡h©vM mnvqZv AskMÖn‡Yi †ÿ‡Î Zviv cÖwZwbqZ Ae‡njvi wkKvi nq|

• evRv‡i mxwgZ cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv- N~wY©So wmWi I AvBjvi c‡i †hvMv‡hvM eë ’v †f‡½ c‡o hvi d‡j evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki my‡hvM I ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| evRvi †h‡nZz A‡bK ~‡i bvixiv Zv‡ì MÖv‡gi Af¨šÍ‡i †Kbv-‡ePv Ki‡Z A_ev Zv‡ì wbR GjvKvi evwn‡ii cyiyl‡ì wbKU A‡cÿvK…Z ¯^íg~‡j¨ cY¨ wewµ Ki‡Z eva¨ nq|

• cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡ì Dc‡i wbf©ikxjZv- gyÐv cyiyl‡ì Zzjbvq bvixiv Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfve RwbZ Kvi‡Y Av‡iv †ewk we`vcbœZvi wkKvi KviY Zviv Zv‡ì RxweKvi Rb¨ cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡ì Dc‡i †ewk wbf©ikxj hv Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi d‡j nygwKi gy‡L c‡o‡Q| GQvovI Zviv mvgvwRK A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK cÖwZeÜKZvi gy‡LvgywL nq hv Zv‡ì Lvc LvB‡q †bevi mÿgZv n«vm K‡i| gyÐv bvixiv †h‡nZz mvgvwRKfv‡e msMwVZ bq Ges ivR‰bwZKfv‡e m‡PZb bq, Zviv memgq kvwjm I wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqv‡Z AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|


WKz‡g›U 7 18

I

GmKj P¨v‡j‡Äi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z gyÐv Rb‡Mvôx wbgœwjwLZ cÖ¯ÍveMywj mycvwik K‡i:

RxweKv m¤úªmviY:

• grm¨Pvl

• ïKi cvjb

• ÿz ª eëmv D‡`¨vM

• Miy I QvMj cvjb

• KuvKov Pvl I grm¨ Pv‡li Rb¨ mnvqZv, †bŠKv I Rvj mnvqZv

• `wR©i KvR, c¨v‡KU ˆZwi, gyiMx cvjb, I Mevw` cky cvj‡bi Rb¨ mnvqZv

• gay Pvl

Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖwZ mnbkxjZv M‡o †Zvjv:

• e„wói cvwb aviY

• emZevwo‡Z cvbxq Rj msiÿY

• cvBcjvB‡bi gva¨‡g cvwb mieivn

• we`¨gvb cyKzi I Rjvavi cybe©vmb

• Lvm Rwg‡Z Rjvavi wbg©vY

• KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ evwo

• SyjšÍ mewR evMvb

• jeYv³Zv mnbkxj mewR evMvb I †eW wm‡÷g

• N~wY©So Avk Öq †K› ªMywj‡K bvix I eq¯‹ e¨w³ evÜe K‡i †Zvjv

• Mevw` ckyi Rb¨ AvkÖq

• N~wY©So mnbkxj evwo

• Lvj KvUv I †m‡Pi Rb¨ e„wó cvwb msiÿY

• bvixi ÿgZvq‡bi cÖmvi Ges y‡h©v‡Mi mvov`v‡bi bvix cÖavb cwiKíbv cÖYqb

bvix Avwèvmx (gyÐv) AskMÖnYKvix‡ì ZvwjKv:

• µwgK bs • bvg • †ckv

• 1 • Elv ivYx gyÐv • M„wnbx

• 2 • mÜ¨v ivYx gyÐv • H

• 3 • AÄbv ivYx gyÐv H

• 4 • Kíbv gyÐv H

• 5 • Avkv jZv gyÐv H

• 6 • Kj¨vYx gyÐv H


WKz‡g›U 7 19

I • 7 • mweZv gyÐv

H

• 8 • gÄyix gyÐv H

• 9 • we‡bvw`bx gyÐv H

• 10 • RÄvjx gyÐv H

• 11 • mywgÎv ivYx gyÐv QvÎx

• 12 • Kj¨vYx gyÐv • M„wnbx

• 13 • e‡bv gyÐv H

• 14 • mywgÎv gyÐv H

• 15 • KweZv gyÐv H

• 16 • mweZv gyÐv H

• 17 • AviZx gyÐv H

• 18 • mywgÎv gyÐv H

• 19 • KwYKv gyÐv H

• 20 • Kíbv gyÐv H

• 21 • evnvgwb gyÐv mwPe, bxwjgv gwnjv ms ’v

• 22 • AÄjx gyÐv M„wnbx

cyiyl Avwèvmx (gyÐv) AskMÖnYKvix‡ì ZvwjKv:

• µwgK bs • bvg • †ckv

• 1 • Aaxi gyÐv • w`bgRyi

• 2 • cÖkvšÍ gyÐv • H

• 3 • Rq gyÐv • WªvBfvi

• 4 • mZ¨ PiY gyÐv • GbwRI Kg©x

• 5 • ejvB K…ò gyÐv • mwPe, Kqiv b„ZvwË¡K mgevq mwgwZ wjwg‡UW

• 6 • ax‡ik cÖmv` gyÐv • m`m¨, Kqiv b„ZvwË¡K mgevq mwgwZ wjwg‡UW

• 7 • weavb P› ª gyÐv • w`bgRyi

• 8 • wgjb g‡bviÄb gyÐv H

• 9 • wek¦wRr gyÐv H


WKz‡g›U 7 20

I • 10 • cwigj gyÐv

H

• 11 • Drcj gyÐv H

• 12 • bvivqb gyÐv H

• 13 • wPËiÄb gyÐv H

• 14 • iZb gyÐv H

• 15 • K…ò gyÐv H

• 16 • mybxZ gyÐv H

• 17 • cwigj gyÐv K…lK

• 18 • fe‡Zvl gyÐv †`vKvb`vi

• 19 • K…òc` gyÐv BwW, GmGGgGm


WKz‡g›U 7 21

I

mshyw³ wZb: †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj Kgcøv‡qÝ BDwbU Ges/A_ev †÷K‡nvìvi

†imcÝ †KŠk‡ji wbKU Aby‡iva †ck Kivi wb‡`©wkKv

†mvk¨vj G¨vÛ GbfvBib‡g›Uvj Kgcøv‡qÝ BDwbU (SECU) Ges/A_ev †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ †KŠk‡ji (SRM) wbKU Aby‡iva †ck Kivi wb‡`©wkKv

GB di‡gi D‡Ïk¨

- Avcwb hw` GB digwU eënvi K‡ib Zvn‡j Avcbvi †jLvwU AbyMÖnc~e©K †gvUv Aÿ‡i wjL‡eb hv‡Z DËiwU Avjv`vfv‡e †Pbv hvq|

- GB di‡gi eënvi mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q, Z‡e GwU eënvi Kiv eva¨Zvg~jK bq| GB digwU Aby‡iv‡ai Lmov cÖ ÍyZKv‡j wb‡ ©wkKv wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|

GB di‡gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wbgœwjwLZ wel‡q mnvqZv Kiv:

(1) hLb Avcbvi g‡b n‡e BDGbwWwc Zvi mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ bxwZgvjv ev A½xKvi AbymiY Ki‡Q bv Ges Avcwb g‡b K‡ib †h Gi d‡j Avcwb ÿwZMÖ Í n‡”Qb ZLb Aby‡iva †ck Kivi Rb¨| GB Aby‡iv‡ai gva¨‡g GKwU ÔKgcøv‡qÝ wiwfDÕ cÖwµqv kyiæ n‡Z cv‡i hv n‡e BDGbwWwcÕi bxwZgvjv I A½xKvi jswNZ n‡”Q wKbv Ges Ges D³ jsN‡Yi NUbvi cÖwZKv‡i KiYxq wPwýZ Ki‡Z BDGbwWwcÕi wbixÿv I Z`šÍ Awd‡mi Af¨šÍ‡i Aew ’Z †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj Kgcøv‡qÝ BDwbU KZ©„K cwiPvwjZ GKwU ¯Zš¿ Z`šÍ| cwiw ’wZi mv‡_ mswkøó cÖK…Z NUbv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj Kgcøv‡qÝ BDwbU Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD cÖwµqv‡Z Avcbvi mv‡_ K_v ej‡e| Avcbv‡K Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD‡qi djvdj m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Kiv n‡e|

Ges/A_ev

(2) Avcwb hw` g‡b K‡ib †h BDGbwWwcÕi cÖKí Avcbvi Dci †Kv‡bv mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ wei~c cÖfve †dj‡Q ev †dj‡Z cv‡i Ges Avcwb hw` Avcbvi Awf‡hv‡Mi KviY wbim‡b GK‡Î KvR Kivi Rb¨ AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôx I Ab¨b¨v †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K


WKz‡g›U 7 22

I (†hgb miKvwi ms ’v, BDGbwWwc BZ¨vw`) GKwÎZ Ki‡Z Pvb, †m‡ÿ‡Î Avcwb BDGbwWwc Ô†÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝÕ Gi Rb¨ Aby‡iva †ck Ki‡Z PvB‡j| GB †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ cÖwµqv BDGbwWwcÕi Kvw›Uª Awdm ev mì `dZ‡ii †bZ„‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cv‡i| †imcÝ Gi Ask wn‡m‡e mZ¨ D`NvUb I mgvavb †ei Kiv GB Dfq D‡Ï‡k¨ BDGbwWwc Kg©x Avcbvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM I Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖ‡qvRb n‡j mswkøó cÖK‡íi Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡KI m¤ú„³ Kiv n‡Z cv‡i|

GLv‡b ¯§Z©e¨ †h Avcwb hw` B‡Zvg‡a¨ GB cÖK‡íi `vwqZ¡cÖvß miKvwi cÖwZwbwa I BDGbwWwcÕi cÖKí Kg©xi mv‡_ mivmwi †hvMv‡hvM K‡i mgm¨v mgva‡bi †Póv K‡i bv _v‡Kb Zvn‡j GB †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ †KŠk‡ji Rb¨ Aby‡iva †ck Kivi c~‡e© †mwU Kiyb|

†MvcbxqZv: Avcwb hw` Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD cÖwµqvi Aby‡iva Kivi wm×všÍ wb‡q _v‡Kb Zvn‡j Avcbvi cwiPq †Mvcb ivL‡Z cv‡i (kyay Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD wUg e¨wZZ Avi †KD cwiPq Rvb‡e bv)| Avcwb hw` †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ Gi Rb¨ Aby‡iva K‡ib, †mÿ‡Î Avcwb Avcbvi †KBm Gi cÖv_wgK †hvM¨Zv w¯Œwbs I G¨v‡mm‡g›U ch©v‡q Avcbvi cwiPq †Mvcb ivL‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi †KBm hw` †hvM¨ e‡j cÖZxqgvb nq Ges G¨v‡mm‡g›U †_‡K hw` †`Lv hvq †h mvov`vb h_vh_ Zvn‡j BDGbwWwc Kg©x Avcbvi mv‡_ cÖ ÍvweZ mgvavb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges GQvovI wZwb Avcbvi cwiPq m¤ú‡K© †MvcbxqZv iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e wKbv Ges cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Zv wKfv‡e iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e †m wel‡qI Avcbvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

w`Kwb‡ ©kbv

Aby‡iva †ck Kivi mgq AbyMÖnc~e©K h_vm¤¢e Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kiyb| Avcwb hw` fzj K‡i †Kv‡bv Am¤ú~Y© dig B‡gBj K‡i †d‡jb ev B‡gBj cvVv‡bvi c‡i Avcwb hw` Av‡iv †Kv‡bv Z_¨ ms‡hvRb Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j kyay cwieZ©b m¤ú‡K© e¨L¨v cÖ`vb K‡i GKwU d‡jv-Avc B‡gBj cvVvb|

Avcbvi m¤ú‡K© Z_¨

Avcwb wK . . .

1. BDGbwWwcÕi mnvqZvq cwiPvwjZ †Kv‡bv cÖK‡íi Øviv ÿwZMÖ Í e¨w³?

Avcbvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ mwVK DËiwUi cv‡k “X” wPý w`b| nu¨v: bv:

2. ÿwZMÖ Í e¨w³ ev †Mvôx g‡bvwbZ cÖwZwbwa?

Avcbvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ mwVK DËiwUi cv‡k “X” wPý w`b| nu¨v: bv:

Avcwb hw` g‡bvbxZ cÖwZwbwa n‡q _v‡Kb Zvn‡j AbyMÖnc~e©K Avcwb †h mKj e¨w³‡ì cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Qb Zv‡ì bvg wjLyb Ges Zv‡ì c‡ÿ KvR Kivi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K †h bw_i gva¨‡g Avcbv‡K ÿgZv Ac©b Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi GK ev GKvwaK dvBj GB di‡gi mv‡_ mshy³ Kiyb|

3. bv‡gi cÖ_g Ask:

4. bv‡gi †kl Ask:

5. wPwýKi‡Yi Rb¨ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Z_¨:

6. †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv:

7. B‡gBj AvBwW:

8. †Uwj‡dvb b¤i (Kvw›Uª †KvW mnKv‡i):

9. Avcbvi wVKvbv/Ae ’vb:

10. wbKUeZ©x bMi ev kni:

11. Avcvi mv‡_ wKfv‡e †hvMv‡hvM Kiv hv‡e †m wel‡q †Kv‡bv AwZwi³ wb‡`©kbv:

12. †`k:

Avcwb BDGbwWwcÕi wbKU n‡Z hv cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡Qb: Kgcøvv‡qÝ wiwfD Ges/A_ev †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ

G‡ÿ‡Î Avcbvi PviwU weKí Av‡Q:

• Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡iva †ck;

• †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ Gi Rb¨ Aby‡iva †ck;


WKz‡g›U 7 23

I • Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD I †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ Df‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡iva †ck;

• Rvbv‡bv †h Avcwb wbwðZ bb †h Avcwb wK Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD bvwK †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ Gi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb Ges Avcwb Dfq KZ©„cÿ‡K w`‡q Avcbvi welqwU wiwfD Kiv‡Z Pvb;

13. Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib †h BDGbwWwc mvgvwRK Ges/A_ev cwi‡ekMZ bxwZgvjv ev A½xKvi Abymi‡Y BDGbwWwcÕi e¨_©Zvi d‡j Avcwb ev Avcbvi KwgDwbwU ÿwZMÖ Í n‡”Qb ev n‡Z cv‡ib?

Avcbvi †ÿ‡Î †h DËiwU cÖ‡hvR¨ Zvi cv‡k “X” wPý w`b| nu¨v: bv:

14. Avcwb wK cy‡iv Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD cÖwµqv‡Z Avcbvi bvg-cwiPq †Mvcb ivL‡Z Pvb?


hw` †MvcbxqZv iÿvi cÖ‡qvRb nq Zvn‡j AbyMÖnc~e©K Zvi KviY e¨vL¨v Kiyb:

15. BDGbwWwcÕi cÖK‡íi mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ cÖfv‡e Avcwb †h ÿwZMÖ Í n‡”Qb ev SuywKi gy‡LvgywL n‡”Qb e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib Avcwb wK mw¤§wjZfv‡e mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ AskxRb †hgb- miKvi, BDGbwWwc BZ¨vwì mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z Pvb?


16. †imcÝ Gi Rb¨ Avcwb †h Aby‡iva †ck K‡i‡Qb Zvi cÖ_vwgK g~j¨vq‡bi ch©v‡q wK Avcwb Avcbvi bvg †Mvcb ivL‡Z Pvb?


hw` †MvcbxqZv iÿvi cÖ‡qvRb nq Zvn‡j AbyMÖnc~e©K Zvi KviY e¨vL¨v Kiyb:

17. †÷K‡nvìi †imcÝ Gi Rb¨ Aby‡iva eë ’vcbv Kiv n‡e BDGbwWwc Kvw›Uª Awd‡mi gva¨‡g hw` bv Avcwb mì `dZ‡ii gva¨‡g Avcbvi †KBm eë ’vcbvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva K‡i _v‡Kb| Avcwb wK Avcbvi Aby‡iva eë ’vcbv BDGbwWwc mì mdZ‡ii gva¨‡g Ki‡Z Pvb?


Avcbvi DËi hw` n¨v nq Zvn‡j e¨vL¨v Kiyb †Kb Avcwb Avcbvi Aby‡iva eë ’vcbv BDGbwWwc mì `dZ‡ii gva¨‡g Kiv‡Z Pvb:

18. Avcwb wK Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD I †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ Dfq cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡Qb?


19. Avcwb wK wbwðZ bb †h Avcwb Kgcøv‡qÝ wiwfD bvwK †÷K‡nvìvi †imcÝ Gi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb?


Avcwb BDGbwWwcÕi †h cÖKí m¤ú‡K© DwØMœ Ges Avcbvi D‡Ø‡Mi KviY:

20. Avcwb BDGbwWwcÕi mnvqZvq cwiPvwjZ †h cÖKí wb‡q DwØMœ (hw` Rvbv _v‡K):

cÖK‡íi bvg (hw` Rvbv _v‡K):

21. cÖKíwU wb‡q Avcbvi AvcwËi GKwU mswÿß weeiY w`b| Avcbvi AvcwË hw` BDGbwWwcÕi mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ bxwZgvjv I A½xKvi Abymi‡Y BDGbwWwcÕi e¨_©Zv wb‡q Ges Avcwb hw` mswkøó bxwZgvjv I A½xKvi wPwýZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib (hwÌ eva¨Zvg~jK bq)


WKz‡g›U 7 24

I AbyMÖnc~e©K Zvi weeiY w`b (eva¨Zvg~jK bq)| GQvovI, wK ai‡bi mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i ev c‡o‡Q Zvi weeiY w`b| hw` Av‡iv †ewk RvqMvi cÖ‡qvRb nq Zvn‡j cÖ‡qvRbx †h †Kv‡bv bw_ mshy³ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb Avcbvi cQ‡›ì †h †Kv‡bv fvlv‡Z wjL‡Z cv‡ib|

•

•

•

•

22. Avcwb wK Avcbvi AvcwËi K_v GB cÖK‡íi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ miKvwi cÖwZwbwa ev BDGbwWwcÕi Kg©xi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb? ev †Kv‡bv †emiKvwi ms ’vi mv‡_?


Avcbvi DËi hw` nu¨v nq Zvn‡j hv‡ì mv‡_ Avcbvi AvcwËi welqwU Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì bvg wjLyb:

†h Kg©KZ©v‡ì mv‡_ Avcwb Avcbvi AvcwËi wb‡q †hvMv‡hvM K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì bvg:

bvg‡i cÖ_g Ask bvg‡i †kl Ask Dcvwa/cÖvwZôvwbK cwiPq †hvMv‡hv‡Mi

AbywgZ ZvwiL D³ Kg©KZ©vi wbKU n‡Z cÖvß

DËi

23. Ab¨ †Kv‡b e¨w³ ev †Mvôx wK Av‡Q hviv GB cÖKí Øviv ÿwZMÖ Í n‡q‡Q?


24. Ab¨vb¨ e¨w³ ev †Mvôx hviv Avcbvi Aby‡iva mg_©b K‡ib AbyMÖnc~e©K Zv‡ì bvg Ges/A_ev weeiY w`b:

bv‡gi cÖ_g Ask bv‡gi †kl Ask Dcvwa/cÖvwZôvwbK cwiPq †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Z_¨

Avcwb Ab¨ †h bw_ GmBwmBD Ges/A_ev GmAviGg Gi wbKU cvVv‡Z Pvb AbyMÖnc~e©K Avcbvi B‡gB‡ji mv‡_ Zv mshy³ Kiyb| Avcbvi mg Í bw_ hw` GKwU B‡gB‡j cvVv‡bv m¤¢e bv nq, ¯v”Q¨‡›ì mv‡_ GKvwaK B‡gBj cvVvb|

mvewgkb I mnvqZv

Avcbvi Aby‡iva mvewgU Ki‡Z hw` †Kv‡bv mvnv‡hï cÖ‡qvRb nq GB B‡gBj AvBwW‡Z B‡gBj cvVvb: [email protected]

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